Associations between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom remission and white matter microstructure: A longitudinal analysis

Abstract Background Attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with white matter (WM) microstructure. Our objective was to investigate how WM microstructure is longitudinally related to symptom remission in adolescents and young adults with ADHD. Methods We obtained diffusion‐weig...

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Autores principales:	Anne E. M. Leenders, Christienne G. Damatac, Sourena Soheili‐Nezhad, Roselyne J. M. Chauvin, Maarten J. J. Mennes, Marcel P. Zwiers, Daan vanRooij, Sophie E. A. Akkermans, Jilly Naaijen, Barbara Franke, Jan K. Buitelaar, Christian F. Beckmann, Emma Sprooten
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	ADHD dMRI longitudinal remission white matter Pediatrics RJ1-570 Psychiatry RC435-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2556e5ee80764f83842fbbd1c648b26c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2556e5ee80764f83842fbbd1c648b26c2021-11-23T06:05:44ZAssociations between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom remission and white matter microstructure: A longitudinal analysis2692-938410.1002/jcv2.12040https://doaj.org/article/2556e5ee80764f83842fbbd1c648b26c2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12040https://doaj.org/toc/2692-9384Abstract Background Attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with white matter (WM) microstructure. Our objective was to investigate how WM microstructure is longitudinally related to symptom remission in adolescents and young adults with ADHD. Methods We obtained diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) data from 99 participants at two time‐points (mean age baseline: 16.91 years, mean age follow‐up: 20.57 years). We used voxel‐wise Tract‐Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) with permutation‐based inference to investigate associations of inattention (IA) and hyperactivity‐impulsivity (HI) symptom change with fractional anisotropy (FA) at baseline, follow‐up, and change between time‐points. Results Remission of combined HI and IA symptoms was significantly associated with reduced FA at follow‐up in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus and the left corticospinal tract (CST; PFWE = 0.038 and PFWE = 0.044, respectively), mainly driven by an association between HI remission and follow‐up CST FA (PFWE = 0.049). There was no significant association of combined symptom decrease with FA at baseline or with changes in FA between the two assessments. Conclusions In this longitudinal DWI study of ADHD using dimensional symptom scores, we show that greater symptom decrease is associated with lower follow‐up FA in specific WM tracts. Altered FA thus may appear to follow, rather than precede, changes in symptom remission. Our findings indicate divergent WM developmental trajectories between individuals with persistent and remittent ADHD, and support the role of prefrontal and sensorimotor tracts in the remission of ADHD.Anne E. M. LeendersChristienne G. DamatacSourena Soheili‐NezhadRoselyne J. M. ChauvinMaarten J. J. MennesMarcel P. ZwiersDaan vanRooijSophie E. A. AkkermansJilly NaaijenBarbara FrankeJan K. BuitelaarChristian F. BeckmannEmma SprootenWileyarticleADHDdMRIlongitudinalremissionwhite matterPediatricsRJ1-570PsychiatryRC435-571ENJCPP Advances, Vol 1, Iss 3, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ADHD dMRI longitudinal remission white matter Pediatrics RJ1-570 Psychiatry RC435-571
spellingShingle	ADHD dMRI longitudinal remission white matter Pediatrics RJ1-570 Psychiatry RC435-571 Anne E. M. Leenders Christienne G. Damatac Sourena Soheili‐Nezhad Roselyne J. M. Chauvin Maarten J. J. Mennes Marcel P. Zwiers Daan vanRooij Sophie E. A. Akkermans Jilly Naaijen Barbara Franke Jan K. Buitelaar Christian F. Beckmann Emma Sprooten Associations between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom remission and white matter microstructure: A longitudinal analysis
description	Abstract Background Attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with white matter (WM) microstructure. Our objective was to investigate how WM microstructure is longitudinally related to symptom remission in adolescents and young adults with ADHD. Methods We obtained diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) data from 99 participants at two time‐points (mean age baseline: 16.91 years, mean age follow‐up: 20.57 years). We used voxel‐wise Tract‐Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) with permutation‐based inference to investigate associations of inattention (IA) and hyperactivity‐impulsivity (HI) symptom change with fractional anisotropy (FA) at baseline, follow‐up, and change between time‐points. Results Remission of combined HI and IA symptoms was significantly associated with reduced FA at follow‐up in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus and the left corticospinal tract (CST; PFWE = 0.038 and PFWE = 0.044, respectively), mainly driven by an association between HI remission and follow‐up CST FA (PFWE = 0.049). There was no significant association of combined symptom decrease with FA at baseline or with changes in FA between the two assessments. Conclusions In this longitudinal DWI study of ADHD using dimensional symptom scores, we show that greater symptom decrease is associated with lower follow‐up FA in specific WM tracts. Altered FA thus may appear to follow, rather than precede, changes in symptom remission. Our findings indicate divergent WM developmental trajectories between individuals with persistent and remittent ADHD, and support the role of prefrontal and sensorimotor tracts in the remission of ADHD.
format	article
author	Anne E. M. Leenders Christienne G. Damatac Sourena Soheili‐Nezhad Roselyne J. M. Chauvin Maarten J. J. Mennes Marcel P. Zwiers Daan vanRooij Sophie E. A. Akkermans Jilly Naaijen Barbara Franke Jan K. Buitelaar Christian F. Beckmann Emma Sprooten
author_facet	Anne E. M. Leenders Christienne G. Damatac Sourena Soheili‐Nezhad Roselyne J. M. Chauvin Maarten J. J. Mennes Marcel P. Zwiers Daan vanRooij Sophie E. A. Akkermans Jilly Naaijen Barbara Franke Jan K. Buitelaar Christian F. Beckmann Emma Sprooten
author_sort	Anne E. M. Leenders
title	Associations between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom remission and white matter microstructure: A longitudinal analysis
title_short	Associations between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom remission and white matter microstructure: A longitudinal analysis
title_full	Associations between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom remission and white matter microstructure: A longitudinal analysis
title_fullStr	Associations between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom remission and white matter microstructure: A longitudinal analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Associations between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom remission and white matter microstructure: A longitudinal analysis
title_sort	associations between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) symptom remission and white matter microstructure: a longitudinal analysis
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2556e5ee80764f83842fbbd1c648b26c
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Associations between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom remission and white matter microstructure: A longitudinal analysis

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