Insecticidal, Repellent and Antifeedant Activity of Essential Oils from Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii (Hook. & Arn.) Nied. Leaves and Pilgerodendron uviferum (D. Don) Florin Heartwood against Horn Flies, Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae)

Haematobia irritans is a cosmopolitan obligate blood-feeding ectoparasite of cattle and is the major global pest of livestock production. Currently, H. irritans management is largely dependent on broad-spectrum pesticides, which has led to the development of ins...

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Autores principales:	Javier Espinoza, Cristian Medina, Washington Aniñir, Paul Escobar-Bahamondes, Emilio Ungerfeld, Alejandro Urzúa, Andrés Quiroz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	horn flies <i>Haematobia irritans</i> <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> essential oils repellency Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/256e8cc9290a4d4383b89fa648fc6ea0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:256e8cc9290a4d4383b89fa648fc6ea02021-11-25T18:28:34ZInsecticidal, Repellent and Antifeedant Activity of Essential Oils from <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> (Hook. & Arn.) Nied. Leaves and <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> (D. Don) Florin Heartwood against Horn Flies, <i>Haematobia irritans</i> (Diptera: Muscidae)10.3390/molecules262269361420-3049https://doaj.org/article/256e8cc9290a4d4383b89fa648fc6ea02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/22/6936https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049<i>Haematobia irritans</i> is a cosmopolitan obligate blood-feeding ectoparasite of cattle and is the major global pest of livestock production. Currently, <i>H. irritans</i> management is largely dependent on broad-spectrum pesticides, which has led to the development of insecticide resistance. Thus, alternative control methods are needed. Essential oils have been studied as an alternative due to their wide spectrum of biological activities against insects. Thus, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal, repellent and antifeedant activity of the essential oils from <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> leaves and <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> heartwood against horn flies in laboratory conditions. The composition of the essential oils was analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Accordingly, α-pinene (36.50%) and limonene (20.50%) were the principal components of the <i>B. cruckchanksii</i> essential oil, and δ-cadinol (24.16%), cubenol (22.64%), 15-copaenol (15.46%) and δ-cadinene (10.81%) were the most abundant compounds in the <i>P. uviferum</i> essential oil. Mortality of flies and feeding behavior were evaluated by non-choice tests, and olfactory response was evaluated using a Y-tube olfactometer. Both essential oils were toxic to horn flies, with LC<sub>50</sub> values for <i>B. cruckchanksii</i> essential oil of 3.58 µL L<sup>−1</sup> air at 4 h, and for <i>P. uviferum</i> essential oil of 9.41 µL L<sup>−1</sup> air and 1.02 µL L<sup>−1</sup> air at 1 and 4 h, respectively. Moreover, the essential oils exhibited spatial repellency in the olfactometer using only 10 µg of each oil, and these significantly reduced the horn fly feeding at all doses evaluated. Although further laboratory and field studies related to the insectistatic and insecticide properties of these essential oils against <i>H. irritans</i> are necessary, <i>B. cruckshanksii</i> leaves and <i>P. uviferum</i> heartwood essential oils are promising candidates for horn fly management.Javier EspinozaCristian MedinaWashington AniñirPaul Escobar-BahamondesEmilio UngerfeldAlejandro UrzúaAndrés QuirozMDPI AGarticlehorn flies<i>Haematobia irritans</i><i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i><i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i>essential oilsrepellencyOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENMolecules, Vol 26, Iss 6936, p 6936 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	horn flies <i>Haematobia irritans</i> <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> essential oils repellency Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	horn flies <i>Haematobia irritans</i> <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> essential oils repellency Organic chemistry QD241-441 Javier Espinoza Cristian Medina Washington Aniñir Paul Escobar-Bahamondes Emilio Ungerfeld Alejandro Urzúa Andrés Quiroz Insecticidal, Repellent and Antifeedant Activity of Essential Oils from <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> (Hook. & Arn.) Nied. Leaves and <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> (D. Don) Florin Heartwood against Horn Flies, <i>Haematobia irritans</i> (Diptera: Muscidae)
description	<i>Haematobia irritans</i> is a cosmopolitan obligate blood-feeding ectoparasite of cattle and is the major global pest of livestock production. Currently, <i>H. irritans</i> management is largely dependent on broad-spectrum pesticides, which has led to the development of insecticide resistance. Thus, alternative control methods are needed. Essential oils have been studied as an alternative due to their wide spectrum of biological activities against insects. Thus, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal, repellent and antifeedant activity of the essential oils from <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> leaves and <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> heartwood against horn flies in laboratory conditions. The composition of the essential oils was analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Accordingly, α-pinene (36.50%) and limonene (20.50%) were the principal components of the <i>B. cruckchanksii</i> essential oil, and δ-cadinol (24.16%), cubenol (22.64%), 15-copaenol (15.46%) and δ-cadinene (10.81%) were the most abundant compounds in the <i>P. uviferum</i> essential oil. Mortality of flies and feeding behavior were evaluated by non-choice tests, and olfactory response was evaluated using a Y-tube olfactometer. Both essential oils were toxic to horn flies, with LC<sub>50</sub> values for <i>B. cruckchanksii</i> essential oil of 3.58 µL L<sup>−1</sup> air at 4 h, and for <i>P. uviferum</i> essential oil of 9.41 µL L<sup>−1</sup> air and 1.02 µL L<sup>−1</sup> air at 1 and 4 h, respectively. Moreover, the essential oils exhibited spatial repellency in the olfactometer using only 10 µg of each oil, and these significantly reduced the horn fly feeding at all doses evaluated. Although further laboratory and field studies related to the insectistatic and insecticide properties of these essential oils against <i>H. irritans</i> are necessary, <i>B. cruckshanksii</i> leaves and <i>P. uviferum</i> heartwood essential oils are promising candidates for horn fly management.
format	article
author	Javier Espinoza Cristian Medina Washington Aniñir Paul Escobar-Bahamondes Emilio Ungerfeld Alejandro Urzúa Andrés Quiroz
author_facet	Javier Espinoza Cristian Medina Washington Aniñir Paul Escobar-Bahamondes Emilio Ungerfeld Alejandro Urzúa Andrés Quiroz
author_sort	Javier Espinoza
title	Insecticidal, Repellent and Antifeedant Activity of Essential Oils from <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> (Hook. & Arn.) Nied. Leaves and <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> (D. Don) Florin Heartwood against Horn Flies, <i>Haematobia irritans</i> (Diptera: Muscidae)
title_short	Insecticidal, Repellent and Antifeedant Activity of Essential Oils from <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> (Hook. & Arn.) Nied. Leaves and <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> (D. Don) Florin Heartwood against Horn Flies, <i>Haematobia irritans</i> (Diptera: Muscidae)
title_full	Insecticidal, Repellent and Antifeedant Activity of Essential Oils from <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> (Hook. & Arn.) Nied. Leaves and <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> (D. Don) Florin Heartwood against Horn Flies, <i>Haematobia irritans</i> (Diptera: Muscidae)
title_fullStr	Insecticidal, Repellent and Antifeedant Activity of Essential Oils from <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> (Hook. & Arn.) Nied. Leaves and <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> (D. Don) Florin Heartwood against Horn Flies, <i>Haematobia irritans</i> (Diptera: Muscidae)
title_full_unstemmed	Insecticidal, Repellent and Antifeedant Activity of Essential Oils from <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> (Hook. & Arn.) Nied. Leaves and <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> (D. Don) Florin Heartwood against Horn Flies, <i>Haematobia irritans</i> (Diptera: Muscidae)
title_sort	insecticidal, repellent and antifeedant activity of essential oils from <i>blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> (hook. & arn.) nied. leaves and <i>pilgerodendron uviferum</i> (d. don) florin heartwood against horn flies, <i>haematobia irritans</i> (diptera: muscidae)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/256e8cc9290a4d4383b89fa648fc6ea0
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Insecticidal, Repellent and Antifeedant Activity of Essential Oils from <i>Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii</i> (Hook. & Arn.) Nied. Leaves and <i>Pilgerodendron uviferum</i> (D. Don) Florin Heartwood against Horn Flies, <i>Haematobia irritans</i> (Diptera: Muscidae)

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