Parrots have evolved a primate-like telencephalic-midbrain-cerebellar circuit

Abstract It is widely accepted that parrots show remarkable cognitive abilities. In mammals, the evolution of complex cognitive abilities is associated with increases in the size of the telencephalon and cerebellum as well as the pontine nuclei, which connect these two regions. Parrots have relative...

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Autores principales:	Cristián Gutiérrez-Ibáñez, Andrew N. Iwaniuk, Douglas R. Wylie
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2578175524c146a7b7bf1fb1b780f940
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2578175524c146a7b7bf1fb1b780f9402021-12-02T15:08:42ZParrots have evolved a primate-like telencephalic-midbrain-cerebellar circuit10.1038/s41598-018-28301-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2578175524c146a7b7bf1fb1b780f9402018-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28301-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract It is widely accepted that parrots show remarkable cognitive abilities. In mammals, the evolution of complex cognitive abilities is associated with increases in the size of the telencephalon and cerebellum as well as the pontine nuclei, which connect these two regions. Parrots have relatively large telencephalons that rival those of primates, but whether there are also evolutionary changes in their telencephalon-cerebellar relay nuclei is unknown. Like mammals, birds have two brainstem pontine nuclei that project to the cerebellum and receive projections from the telencephalon. Unlike mammals, birds also have a pretectal nucleus that connects the telencephalon with the cerebellum: the medial spiriform nucleus (SpM). We found that SpM, but not the pontine nuclei, is greatly enlarged in parrots and its relative size significantly correlated with the relative size of the telencephalon across all birds. This suggests that the telencephalon-SpM-cerebellar pathway of birds may play an analogous role to cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathways of mammals in controlling fine motor skills and complex cognitive processes. We conclude that SpM is key to understanding the role of telencephalon-cerebellar pathways in the evolution of complex cognitive abilities in birds.Cristián Gutiérrez-IbáñezAndrew N. IwaniukDouglas R. WylieNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Cristián Gutiérrez-Ibáñez Andrew N. Iwaniuk Douglas R. Wylie Parrots have evolved a primate-like telencephalic-midbrain-cerebellar circuit
description	Abstract It is widely accepted that parrots show remarkable cognitive abilities. In mammals, the evolution of complex cognitive abilities is associated with increases in the size of the telencephalon and cerebellum as well as the pontine nuclei, which connect these two regions. Parrots have relatively large telencephalons that rival those of primates, but whether there are also evolutionary changes in their telencephalon-cerebellar relay nuclei is unknown. Like mammals, birds have two brainstem pontine nuclei that project to the cerebellum and receive projections from the telencephalon. Unlike mammals, birds also have a pretectal nucleus that connects the telencephalon with the cerebellum: the medial spiriform nucleus (SpM). We found that SpM, but not the pontine nuclei, is greatly enlarged in parrots and its relative size significantly correlated with the relative size of the telencephalon across all birds. This suggests that the telencephalon-SpM-cerebellar pathway of birds may play an analogous role to cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathways of mammals in controlling fine motor skills and complex cognitive processes. We conclude that SpM is key to understanding the role of telencephalon-cerebellar pathways in the evolution of complex cognitive abilities in birds.
format	article
author	Cristián Gutiérrez-Ibáñez Andrew N. Iwaniuk Douglas R. Wylie
author_facet	Cristián Gutiérrez-Ibáñez Andrew N. Iwaniuk Douglas R. Wylie
author_sort	Cristián Gutiérrez-Ibáñez
title	Parrots have evolved a primate-like telencephalic-midbrain-cerebellar circuit
title_short	Parrots have evolved a primate-like telencephalic-midbrain-cerebellar circuit
title_full	Parrots have evolved a primate-like telencephalic-midbrain-cerebellar circuit
title_fullStr	Parrots have evolved a primate-like telencephalic-midbrain-cerebellar circuit
title_full_unstemmed	Parrots have evolved a primate-like telencephalic-midbrain-cerebellar circuit
title_sort	parrots have evolved a primate-like telencephalic-midbrain-cerebellar circuit
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/2578175524c146a7b7bf1fb1b780f940
work_keys_str_mv	AT cristiangutierrezibanez parrotshaveevolvedaprimateliketelencephalicmidbraincerebellarcircuit AT andrewniwaniuk parrotshaveevolvedaprimateliketelencephalicmidbraincerebellarcircuit AT douglasrwylie parrotshaveevolvedaprimateliketelencephalicmidbraincerebellarcircuit
_version_	1718388050026823680

Parrots have evolved a primate-like telencephalic-midbrain-cerebellar circuit

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