Inherited Tolerance in Cattle to the Apicomplexan Protozoan Theileria parva is Associated with Decreased Proliferation of Parasite-Infected Lymphocytes

Theileria parva is the causative agent of East Coast fever and Corridor disease, which are fatal, economically important diseases of cattle in eastern, central and southern Africa. Improved methods of control of the diseases are urgently required. The parasite transforms host lymphocytes, resulting...

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Autores principales:	Perle Latre de Late, Elizabeth A. J. Cook, David Wragg, E. Jane Poole, Gideon Ndambuki, Antoinette Aluoch Miyunga, Maurine C. Chepkwony, Stephen Mwaura, Nicholas Ndiwa, Giles Prettejohn, Tatjana Sitt, Richard Van Aardt, W. Ivan Morrison, James G. D. Prendergast, Philip Toye
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Theileria parva tolerance proliferation parasitosis pyrexia Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/25781cd994e54c7293bf5a58f9f8f8bf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:25781cd994e54c7293bf5a58f9f8f8bf2021-11-05T08:51:46ZInherited Tolerance in Cattle to the Apicomplexan Protozoan Theileria parva is Associated with Decreased Proliferation of Parasite-Infected Lymphocytes2235-298810.3389/fcimb.2021.751671https://doaj.org/article/25781cd994e54c7293bf5a58f9f8f8bf2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.751671/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988Theileria parva is the causative agent of East Coast fever and Corridor disease, which are fatal, economically important diseases of cattle in eastern, central and southern Africa. Improved methods of control of the diseases are urgently required. The parasite transforms host lymphocytes, resulting in a rapid, clonal expansion of infected cells. Resistance to the disease has long been reported in cattle from T. parva-endemic areas. We reveal here that first- and second-generation descendants of a single Bos indicus bull survived severe challenge with T. parva, (overall survival rate 57.3% compared to 8.7% for unrelated animals) in a series of five field studies. Tolerant cattle displayed a delayed and less severe parasitosis and febrile response than unrelated animals. The in vitro proliferation of cells from surviving cattle was much reduced compared to those from animals that succumbed to infection. Additionally, some pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL1β, IL6, TNFα or TGFβ which are usually strongly expressed in susceptible animals and are known to regulate cell growth or motility, remain low in tolerant animals. This correlates with the reduced proliferation and less severe clinical reactions observed in tolerant cattle. The results show for the first time that the inherited tolerance to T. parva is associated with decreased proliferation of infected lymphocytes. The results are discussed in terms of whether the reduced proliferation is the result of a perturbation of the transformation mechanism induced in infected cells or is due to an innate immune response present in the tolerant cattle.Perle Latre de LatePerle Latre de LateElizabeth A. J. CookElizabeth A. J. CookDavid WraggDavid WraggE. Jane PooleGideon NdambukiGideon NdambukiAntoinette Aluoch MiyungaAntoinette Aluoch MiyungaMaurine C. ChepkwonyMaurine C. ChepkwonyStephen MwauraNicholas NdiwaGiles PrettejohnTatjana SittRichard Van AardtW. Ivan MorrisonJames G. D. PrendergastJames G. D. PrendergastPhilip ToyePhilip ToyeFrontiers Media S.A.articleTheileria parvatoleranceproliferationparasitosispyrexiaMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Theileria parva tolerance proliferation parasitosis pyrexia Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Theileria parva tolerance proliferation parasitosis pyrexia Microbiology QR1-502 Perle Latre de Late Perle Latre de Late Elizabeth A. J. Cook Elizabeth A. J. Cook David Wragg David Wragg E. Jane Poole Gideon Ndambuki Gideon Ndambuki Antoinette Aluoch Miyunga Antoinette Aluoch Miyunga Maurine C. Chepkwony Maurine C. Chepkwony Stephen Mwaura Nicholas Ndiwa Giles Prettejohn Tatjana Sitt Richard Van Aardt W. Ivan Morrison James G. D. Prendergast James G. D. Prendergast Philip Toye Philip Toye Inherited Tolerance in Cattle to the Apicomplexan Protozoan Theileria parva is Associated with Decreased Proliferation of Parasite-Infected Lymphocytes
description	Theileria parva is the causative agent of East Coast fever and Corridor disease, which are fatal, economically important diseases of cattle in eastern, central and southern Africa. Improved methods of control of the diseases are urgently required. The parasite transforms host lymphocytes, resulting in a rapid, clonal expansion of infected cells. Resistance to the disease has long been reported in cattle from T. parva-endemic areas. We reveal here that first- and second-generation descendants of a single Bos indicus bull survived severe challenge with T. parva, (overall survival rate 57.3% compared to 8.7% for unrelated animals) in a series of five field studies. Tolerant cattle displayed a delayed and less severe parasitosis and febrile response than unrelated animals. The in vitro proliferation of cells from surviving cattle was much reduced compared to those from animals that succumbed to infection. Additionally, some pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL1β, IL6, TNFα or TGFβ which are usually strongly expressed in susceptible animals and are known to regulate cell growth or motility, remain low in tolerant animals. This correlates with the reduced proliferation and less severe clinical reactions observed in tolerant cattle. The results show for the first time that the inherited tolerance to T. parva is associated with decreased proliferation of infected lymphocytes. The results are discussed in terms of whether the reduced proliferation is the result of a perturbation of the transformation mechanism induced in infected cells or is due to an innate immune response present in the tolerant cattle.
format	article
author	Perle Latre de Late Perle Latre de Late Elizabeth A. J. Cook Elizabeth A. J. Cook David Wragg David Wragg E. Jane Poole Gideon Ndambuki Gideon Ndambuki Antoinette Aluoch Miyunga Antoinette Aluoch Miyunga Maurine C. Chepkwony Maurine C. Chepkwony Stephen Mwaura Nicholas Ndiwa Giles Prettejohn Tatjana Sitt Richard Van Aardt W. Ivan Morrison James G. D. Prendergast James G. D. Prendergast Philip Toye Philip Toye
author_facet	Perle Latre de Late Perle Latre de Late Elizabeth A. J. Cook Elizabeth A. J. Cook David Wragg David Wragg E. Jane Poole Gideon Ndambuki Gideon Ndambuki Antoinette Aluoch Miyunga Antoinette Aluoch Miyunga Maurine C. Chepkwony Maurine C. Chepkwony Stephen Mwaura Nicholas Ndiwa Giles Prettejohn Tatjana Sitt Richard Van Aardt W. Ivan Morrison James G. D. Prendergast James G. D. Prendergast Philip Toye Philip Toye
author_sort	Perle Latre de Late
title	Inherited Tolerance in Cattle to the Apicomplexan Protozoan Theileria parva is Associated with Decreased Proliferation of Parasite-Infected Lymphocytes
title_short	Inherited Tolerance in Cattle to the Apicomplexan Protozoan Theileria parva is Associated with Decreased Proliferation of Parasite-Infected Lymphocytes
title_full	Inherited Tolerance in Cattle to the Apicomplexan Protozoan Theileria parva is Associated with Decreased Proliferation of Parasite-Infected Lymphocytes
title_fullStr	Inherited Tolerance in Cattle to the Apicomplexan Protozoan Theileria parva is Associated with Decreased Proliferation of Parasite-Infected Lymphocytes
title_full_unstemmed	Inherited Tolerance in Cattle to the Apicomplexan Protozoan Theileria parva is Associated with Decreased Proliferation of Parasite-Infected Lymphocytes
title_sort	inherited tolerance in cattle to the apicomplexan protozoan theileria parva is associated with decreased proliferation of parasite-infected lymphocytes
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/25781cd994e54c7293bf5a58f9f8f8bf
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Inherited Tolerance in Cattle to the Apicomplexan Protozoan Theileria parva is Associated with Decreased Proliferation of Parasite-Infected Lymphocytes

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