Cooccurrence of Five Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> spp. and Two Free-Living Amoebae Species in a Complete Drinking Water System and Cooling Towers
Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> species grow optimally inside free-living amoebae to concentrations that increase risks to those who are exposed. The aim of this study was to screen a complete drinking water system and cooling towers for the occurrence of <i>Acanthamoeba</i> spp...
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| Autores principales: | , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/25deae67027b49208eaba47871bdb26a |
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| Sumario: | Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> species grow optimally inside free-living amoebae to concentrations that increase risks to those who are exposed. The aim of this study was to screen a complete drinking water system and cooling towers for the occurrence of <i>Acanthamoeba</i> spp. and <i>Naegleria fowleri</i> and their cooccurrence with <i>Legionella pneumophila</i>, <i>Legionella anisa</i>, <i>Legionella micdadei</i>, <i>Legionella bozemanii</i>, and <i>Legionella longbeachae</i>. A total of 42 large-volume water samples, including 12 from the reservoir (water source), 24 from two buildings (influents to the buildings and exposure sites (taps)), and six cooling towers were collected and analyzed using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). <i>N. fowleri</i> cooccurred with <i>L. micdadei</i> in 76 (32/42) of the water samples. In the building water system, the concentrations of <i>N. fowleri</i> and <i>L. micdadei</i> ranged from 1.5 to 1.6 Log<sub>10</sub> gene copies (GC)/100 mL, but the concentrations of species increased in the cooling towers. The data obtained in this study illustrate the ecology of pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> species in taps and cooling towers. Investigating <i>Legionella</i>’s ecology in drinking and industrial waters will hopefully lead to better control of these pathogenic species in drinking water supply systems and cooling towers. |
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