Cooccurrence of Five Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> spp. and Two Free-Living Amoebae Species in a Complete Drinking Water System and Cooling Towers

Cooccurrence of Five Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> spp. and Two Free-Living Amoebae Species in a Complete Drinking Water System and Cooling Towers

Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> species grow optimally inside free-living amoebae to concentrations that increase risks to those who are exposed. The aim of this study was to screen a complete drinking water system and cooling towers for the occurrence of <i>Acanthamoeba</i> spp...

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Autores principales: Alshae Logan-Jackson, Joan B. Rose
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
Materias:
<i>Legionella</i>
<i>L. pneumophila</i>
<i>L. micdadei</i>
<i>L. anisa</i>
<i>L. bozemanii</i>
<i>L. longbeachae</i>
Medicine
R
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/25deae67027b49208eaba47871bdb26a
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:25deae67027b49208eaba47871bdb26a2021-11-25T18:38:01ZCooccurrence of Five Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> spp. and Two Free-Living Amoebae Species in a Complete Drinking Water System and Cooling Towers10.3390/pathogens101114072076-0817https://doaj.org/article/25deae67027b49208eaba47871bdb26a2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/11/1407https://doaj.org/toc/2076-0817Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> species grow optimally inside free-living amoebae to concentrations that increase risks to those who are exposed. The aim of this study was to screen a complete drinking water system and cooling towers for the occurrence of <i>Acanthamoeba</i> spp. and <i>Naegleria fowleri</i> and their cooccurrence with <i>Legionella pneumophila</i>, <i>Legionella anisa</i>, <i>Legionella micdadei</i>, <i>Legionella bozemanii</i>, and <i>Legionella longbeachae</i>. A total of 42 large-volume water samples, including 12 from the reservoir (water source), 24 from two buildings (influents to the buildings and exposure sites (taps)), and six cooling towers were collected and analyzed using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). <i>N. fowleri</i> cooccurred with <i>L. micdadei</i> in 76 (32/42) of the water samples. In the building water system, the concentrations of <i>N. fowleri</i> and <i>L. micdadei</i> ranged from 1.5 to 1.6 Log<sub>10</sub> gene copies (GC)/100 mL, but the concentrations of species increased in the cooling towers. The data obtained in this study illustrate the ecology of pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> species in taps and cooling towers. Investigating <i>Legionella</i>’s ecology in drinking and industrial waters will hopefully lead to better control of these pathogenic species in drinking water supply systems and cooling towers.Alshae Logan-JacksonJoan B. RoseMDPI AGarticle<i>Legionella</i><i>L. pneumophila</i><i>L. micdadei</i><i>L. anisa</i><i>L. bozemanii</i><i>L. longbeachae</i>MedicineRENPathogens, Vol 10, Iss 1407, p 1407 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic <i>Legionella</i>
<i>L. pneumophila</i>
<i>L. micdadei</i>
<i>L. anisa</i>
<i>L. bozemanii</i>
<i>L. longbeachae</i>
Medicine
R
spellingShingle <i>Legionella</i>
<i>L. pneumophila</i>
<i>L. micdadei</i>
<i>L. anisa</i>
<i>L. bozemanii</i>
<i>L. longbeachae</i>
Medicine
R
Alshae Logan-Jackson
Joan B. Rose
Cooccurrence of Five Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> spp. and Two Free-Living Amoebae Species in a Complete Drinking Water System and Cooling Towers
description Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> species grow optimally inside free-living amoebae to concentrations that increase risks to those who are exposed. The aim of this study was to screen a complete drinking water system and cooling towers for the occurrence of <i>Acanthamoeba</i> spp. and <i>Naegleria fowleri</i> and their cooccurrence with <i>Legionella pneumophila</i>, <i>Legionella anisa</i>, <i>Legionella micdadei</i>, <i>Legionella bozemanii</i>, and <i>Legionella longbeachae</i>. A total of 42 large-volume water samples, including 12 from the reservoir (water source), 24 from two buildings (influents to the buildings and exposure sites (taps)), and six cooling towers were collected and analyzed using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). <i>N. fowleri</i> cooccurred with <i>L. micdadei</i> in 76 (32/42) of the water samples. In the building water system, the concentrations of <i>N. fowleri</i> and <i>L. micdadei</i> ranged from 1.5 to 1.6 Log<sub>10</sub> gene copies (GC)/100 mL, but the concentrations of species increased in the cooling towers. The data obtained in this study illustrate the ecology of pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> species in taps and cooling towers. Investigating <i>Legionella</i>’s ecology in drinking and industrial waters will hopefully lead to better control of these pathogenic species in drinking water supply systems and cooling towers.
format article
author Alshae Logan-Jackson
Joan B. Rose
author_facet Alshae Logan-Jackson
Joan B. Rose
author_sort Alshae Logan-Jackson
title Cooccurrence of Five Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> spp. and Two Free-Living Amoebae Species in a Complete Drinking Water System and Cooling Towers
title_short Cooccurrence of Five Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> spp. and Two Free-Living Amoebae Species in a Complete Drinking Water System and Cooling Towers
title_full Cooccurrence of Five Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> spp. and Two Free-Living Amoebae Species in a Complete Drinking Water System and Cooling Towers
title_fullStr Cooccurrence of Five Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> spp. and Two Free-Living Amoebae Species in a Complete Drinking Water System and Cooling Towers
title_full_unstemmed Cooccurrence of Five Pathogenic <i>Legionella</i> spp. and Two Free-Living Amoebae Species in a Complete Drinking Water System and Cooling Towers
title_sort cooccurrence of five pathogenic <i>legionella</i> spp. and two free-living amoebae species in a complete drinking water system and cooling towers
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/25deae67027b49208eaba47871bdb26a
work_keys_str_mv AT alshaeloganjackson cooccurrenceoffivepathogenicilegionellaisppandtwofreelivingamoebaespeciesinacompletedrinkingwatersystemandcoolingtowers
AT joanbrose cooccurrenceoffivepathogenicilegionellaisppandtwofreelivingamoebaespeciesinacompletedrinkingwatersystemandcoolingtowers
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