Live-Cell Systems in Real-Time Biomonitoring of Water Pollution: Practical Considerations and Future Perspectives

Continuous monitoring and early warning of potential water contamination with toxic chemicals is of paramount importance for human health and sustainable food production. During the last few decades there have been noteworthy advances in technologies for the automated sensing of physicochemical para...

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Autores principales:	Donald Wlodkowic, Tomasz M. Karpiński
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	water pollution early warning sensor bacteria algae Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2614d704c85a4d01b183ea019ddd458d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2614d704c85a4d01b183ea019ddd458d2021-11-11T19:03:43ZLive-Cell Systems in Real-Time Biomonitoring of Water Pollution: Practical Considerations and Future Perspectives10.3390/s212170281424-8220https://doaj.org/article/2614d704c85a4d01b183ea019ddd458d2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7028https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220Continuous monitoring and early warning of potential water contamination with toxic chemicals is of paramount importance for human health and sustainable food production. During the last few decades there have been noteworthy advances in technologies for the automated sensing of physicochemical parameters of water. These do not translate well into online monitoring of chemical pollutants since most of them are either incapable of real-time detection or unable to detect impacts on biological organisms. As a result, biological early warning systems have been proposed to supplement conventional water quality test strategies. Such systems can continuously evaluate physiological parameters of suitable aquatic species and alert the user to the presence of toxicants. In this regard, single cellular organisms, such as bacteria, cyanobacteria, micro-algae and vertebrate cell lines, offer promising avenues for development of water biosensors. Historically, only a handful of systems utilising single-cell organisms have been deployed as established online water biomonitoring tools. Recent advances in recombinant microorganisms, cell immobilisation techniques, live-cell microarrays and microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip technologies open new avenues to develop miniaturised systems capable of detecting a broad range of water contaminants. In experimental settings, they have been shown as sensitive and rapid biosensors with capabilities to detect traces of contaminants. In this work, we critically review the recent advances and practical prospects of biological early warning systems based on live-cell biosensors. We demonstrate historical deployment successes, technological innovations, as well as current challenges for the broader deployment of live-cell biosensors in the monitoring of water quality.Donald WlodkowicTomasz M. KarpińskiMDPI AGarticlewaterpollutionearly warningsensorbacteriaalgaeChemical technologyTP1-1185ENSensors, Vol 21, Iss 7028, p 7028 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	water pollution early warning sensor bacteria algae Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	water pollution early warning sensor bacteria algae Chemical technology TP1-1185 Donald Wlodkowic Tomasz M. Karpiński Live-Cell Systems in Real-Time Biomonitoring of Water Pollution: Practical Considerations and Future Perspectives
description	Continuous monitoring and early warning of potential water contamination with toxic chemicals is of paramount importance for human health and sustainable food production. During the last few decades there have been noteworthy advances in technologies for the automated sensing of physicochemical parameters of water. These do not translate well into online monitoring of chemical pollutants since most of them are either incapable of real-time detection or unable to detect impacts on biological organisms. As a result, biological early warning systems have been proposed to supplement conventional water quality test strategies. Such systems can continuously evaluate physiological parameters of suitable aquatic species and alert the user to the presence of toxicants. In this regard, single cellular organisms, such as bacteria, cyanobacteria, micro-algae and vertebrate cell lines, offer promising avenues for development of water biosensors. Historically, only a handful of systems utilising single-cell organisms have been deployed as established online water biomonitoring tools. Recent advances in recombinant microorganisms, cell immobilisation techniques, live-cell microarrays and microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip technologies open new avenues to develop miniaturised systems capable of detecting a broad range of water contaminants. In experimental settings, they have been shown as sensitive and rapid biosensors with capabilities to detect traces of contaminants. In this work, we critically review the recent advances and practical prospects of biological early warning systems based on live-cell biosensors. We demonstrate historical deployment successes, technological innovations, as well as current challenges for the broader deployment of live-cell biosensors in the monitoring of water quality.
format	article
author	Donald Wlodkowic Tomasz M. Karpiński
author_facet	Donald Wlodkowic Tomasz M. Karpiński
author_sort	Donald Wlodkowic
title	Live-Cell Systems in Real-Time Biomonitoring of Water Pollution: Practical Considerations and Future Perspectives
title_short	Live-Cell Systems in Real-Time Biomonitoring of Water Pollution: Practical Considerations and Future Perspectives
title_full	Live-Cell Systems in Real-Time Biomonitoring of Water Pollution: Practical Considerations and Future Perspectives
title_fullStr	Live-Cell Systems in Real-Time Biomonitoring of Water Pollution: Practical Considerations and Future Perspectives
title_full_unstemmed	Live-Cell Systems in Real-Time Biomonitoring of Water Pollution: Practical Considerations and Future Perspectives
title_sort	live-cell systems in real-time biomonitoring of water pollution: practical considerations and future perspectives
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2614d704c85a4d01b183ea019ddd458d
work_keys_str_mv	AT donaldwlodkowic livecellsystemsinrealtimebiomonitoringofwaterpollutionpracticalconsiderationsandfutureperspectives AT tomaszmkarpinski livecellsystemsinrealtimebiomonitoringofwaterpollutionpracticalconsiderationsandfutureperspectives
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Live-Cell Systems in Real-Time Biomonitoring of Water Pollution: Practical Considerations and Future Perspectives

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