Avian bornavirus in the urine of infected birds

J Jill Heatley,1 Alice R Villalobos21Zoological Medicine, 2Department of Nutrition &amp; Food Science, Texas A&amp;M University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX, USAAbstract: Avian bornavirus (ABV) causes proventricular dilatation disease i...

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Autores principales:	Villalobos AR, Heatley JJ
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2012
Materias:	Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/261fbc018c2743d396e67a3b8c1de7df
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:261fbc018c2743d396e67a3b8c1de7df2021-12-02T00:32:16ZAvian bornavirus in the urine of infected birds2230-2034https://doaj.org/article/261fbc018c2743d396e67a3b8c1de7df2012-06-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/avian-bornavirus-in-the-urine-of-infected-birds-a10104https://doaj.org/toc/2230-2034J Jill Heatley,1 Alice R Villalobos21Zoological Medicine, 2Department of Nutrition &amp; Food Science, Texas A&amp;M University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX, USAAbstract: Avian bornavirus (ABV) causes proventricular dilatation disease in multiple avian species. In severe clinical disease, the virus, while primarily neurotropic, can be detected in many organs, including the kidneys. We postulated that ABV could be shed by the kidneys and found in the urine of infected birds. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated viral N and P proteins of ABV within the renal tubules. We adapted a nonsurgical method of urine collection for use in parrots known to be shedding ABV in their droppings. We obtained urine without feces, and results were compared with swabs of fresh voided feces. Reverse transcription&ndash;polymerase chain reaction assay performed on these paired samples from five birds indicated that ABV was shed in quantity in the urine of infected birds, and a single sample was urine-positive and fecal-negative. We suggest that urine sampling may be a superior sample for detection of birds shedding ABV, and advocate that additional birds, known to be shedding or infected with ABV, should be investigated via this method.Keywords: avian bornavirus, Psittaciformes, parrot, urine, proventricular dilatation diseaseVillalobos ARHeatley JJDove Medical PressarticleVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENVeterinary Medicine: Research and Reports, Vol 2012, Iss default, Pp 19-23 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Villalobos AR Heatley JJ Avian bornavirus in the urine of infected birds
description	J Jill Heatley,1 Alice R Villalobos21Zoological Medicine, 2Department of Nutrition &amp; Food Science, Texas A&amp;M University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX, USAAbstract: Avian bornavirus (ABV) causes proventricular dilatation disease in multiple avian species. In severe clinical disease, the virus, while primarily neurotropic, can be detected in many organs, including the kidneys. We postulated that ABV could be shed by the kidneys and found in the urine of infected birds. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated viral N and P proteins of ABV within the renal tubules. We adapted a nonsurgical method of urine collection for use in parrots known to be shedding ABV in their droppings. We obtained urine without feces, and results were compared with swabs of fresh voided feces. Reverse transcription&ndash;polymerase chain reaction assay performed on these paired samples from five birds indicated that ABV was shed in quantity in the urine of infected birds, and a single sample was urine-positive and fecal-negative. We suggest that urine sampling may be a superior sample for detection of birds shedding ABV, and advocate that additional birds, known to be shedding or infected with ABV, should be investigated via this method.Keywords: avian bornavirus, Psittaciformes, parrot, urine, proventricular dilatation disease
format	article
author	Villalobos AR Heatley JJ
author_facet	Villalobos AR Heatley JJ
author_sort	Villalobos AR
title	Avian bornavirus in the urine of infected birds
title_short	Avian bornavirus in the urine of infected birds
title_full	Avian bornavirus in the urine of infected birds
title_fullStr	Avian bornavirus in the urine of infected birds
title_full_unstemmed	Avian bornavirus in the urine of infected birds
title_sort	avian bornavirus in the urine of infected birds
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/261fbc018c2743d396e67a3b8c1de7df
work_keys_str_mv	AT villalobosar avianbornavirusintheurineofinfectedbirds AT heatleyjj avianbornavirusintheurineofinfectedbirds
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Avian bornavirus in the urine of infected birds

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