Anti-demineralizing protective effects on enamel identified in experimental and commercial restorative materials with functional fillers

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate whether experimental and commercial dental restorative materials with functional fillers can exert a protective anti-demineralizing effect on enamel that is not immediately adjacent to the restoration. Four experimental resin composites with bioactiv...

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Autores principales:	Matej Par, Andrea Gubler, Thomas Attin, Zrinka Tarle, Tobias T. Tauböck
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/26280125cb8a468fb3ae739a2d2bd28d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:26280125cb8a468fb3ae739a2d2bd28d2021-12-02T15:03:05ZAnti-demineralizing protective effects on enamel identified in experimental and commercial restorative materials with functional fillers10.1038/s41598-021-91279-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/26280125cb8a468fb3ae739a2d2bd28d2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91279-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate whether experimental and commercial dental restorative materials with functional fillers can exert a protective anti-demineralizing effect on enamel that is not immediately adjacent to the restoration. Four experimental resin composites with bioactive glass and three commercial restorative materials were investigated. Enamel blocks were incubated in a lactic acid solution (pH = 4.0) at a standardized distance (5 mm) from cured specimens of restorative materials. The lactic acid solution was replenished every 4 days up to a total of 32 days. Surfaces of enamel blocks were periodically evaluated by Knoop microhardness measurements and scanning electron microscopy. The protective effect of restorative materials against acid was identified as enamel microhardness remaining unchanged for a certain number of 4-day acid addition cycles. Additionally, the pH of the immersion medium was measured. While enamel microhardness in the control group was maintained for 1 acid addition cycle (4 days), restorative materials postponed enamel softening for 2–5 cycles (8–20 days). The materials capable of exerting a stronger alkalizing effect provided longer-lasting enamel protection. The protective and alkalizing effects of experimental composites improved with higher amounts of bioactive glass and were better for conventional bioactive glass 45S5 compared to a fluoride-containing bioactive glass. Scanning electron micrographs evidenced the protective effect of restorative materials by showing a delayed appearance of an etching pattern on the enamel surface. A remotely-acting anti-demineralizing protective effect on enamel was identified in experimental composites functionalized with two types of bioactive glass, as well as in three commercial ion-releasing restorative materials.Matej ParAndrea GublerThomas AttinZrinka TarleTobias T. TauböckNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Matej Par Andrea Gubler Thomas Attin Zrinka Tarle Tobias T. Tauböck Anti-demineralizing protective effects on enamel identified in experimental and commercial restorative materials with functional fillers
description	Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate whether experimental and commercial dental restorative materials with functional fillers can exert a protective anti-demineralizing effect on enamel that is not immediately adjacent to the restoration. Four experimental resin composites with bioactive glass and three commercial restorative materials were investigated. Enamel blocks were incubated in a lactic acid solution (pH = 4.0) at a standardized distance (5 mm) from cured specimens of restorative materials. The lactic acid solution was replenished every 4 days up to a total of 32 days. Surfaces of enamel blocks were periodically evaluated by Knoop microhardness measurements and scanning electron microscopy. The protective effect of restorative materials against acid was identified as enamel microhardness remaining unchanged for a certain number of 4-day acid addition cycles. Additionally, the pH of the immersion medium was measured. While enamel microhardness in the control group was maintained for 1 acid addition cycle (4 days), restorative materials postponed enamel softening for 2–5 cycles (8–20 days). The materials capable of exerting a stronger alkalizing effect provided longer-lasting enamel protection. The protective and alkalizing effects of experimental composites improved with higher amounts of bioactive glass and were better for conventional bioactive glass 45S5 compared to a fluoride-containing bioactive glass. Scanning electron micrographs evidenced the protective effect of restorative materials by showing a delayed appearance of an etching pattern on the enamel surface. A remotely-acting anti-demineralizing protective effect on enamel was identified in experimental composites functionalized with two types of bioactive glass, as well as in three commercial ion-releasing restorative materials.
format	article
author	Matej Par Andrea Gubler Thomas Attin Zrinka Tarle Tobias T. Tauböck
author_facet	Matej Par Andrea Gubler Thomas Attin Zrinka Tarle Tobias T. Tauböck
author_sort	Matej Par
title	Anti-demineralizing protective effects on enamel identified in experimental and commercial restorative materials with functional fillers
title_short	Anti-demineralizing protective effects on enamel identified in experimental and commercial restorative materials with functional fillers
title_full	Anti-demineralizing protective effects on enamel identified in experimental and commercial restorative materials with functional fillers
title_fullStr	Anti-demineralizing protective effects on enamel identified in experimental and commercial restorative materials with functional fillers
title_full_unstemmed	Anti-demineralizing protective effects on enamel identified in experimental and commercial restorative materials with functional fillers
title_sort	anti-demineralizing protective effects on enamel identified in experimental and commercial restorative materials with functional fillers
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/26280125cb8a468fb3ae739a2d2bd28d
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Anti-demineralizing protective effects on enamel identified in experimental and commercial restorative materials with functional fillers

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