Tramadol Poisoning: A Systematic Review of Studies in Iran

Background: According to statistics, tramadol use is extremely prevalent in Iran. Besides, tramadol overdose is mostly observed in young individuals. Given the significance of this issue and the increasing prevalence of tramadol use in Iran, this study aimed to systematically review tramadol poisoni...

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Autores principales:	Reza Akhavan, Davood Soroush, Seyed Reza Habibzadeh, Fatemeh Maleki, Esmaeil Rayat Dos, Ali Teimouri, Mahdi Foroughian
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 2021
Materias:	poisoning tramadol hospitals mortality Medicine (General) R5-920 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v11i3.30181 https://doaj.org/article/262ad7c3b79f47ca9d5646ca762f98f1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:262ad7c3b79f47ca9d5646ca762f98f12021-11-08T11:40:27ZTramadol Poisoning: A Systematic Review of Studies in Iranhttps://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v11i3.301812251-87622251-8770https://doaj.org/article/262ad7c3b79f47ca9d5646ca762f98f12021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/ijmtfm/article/view/30181https://doaj.org/toc/2251-8762https://doaj.org/toc/2251-8770Background: According to statistics, tramadol use is extremely prevalent in Iran. Besides, tramadol overdose is mostly observed in young individuals. Given the significance of this issue and the increasing prevalence of tramadol use in Iran, this study aimed to systematically review tramadol poisoning in Iran. Methods: In this review, a search was conducted in Persian databases of IranMedex, SID, Medlib, Magiran, as well as Google Scholar using the keywords of “poisoning and tramadol” without a time limitation. Results: Some of the main issues related to tramadol poisoning were as follows: the majority of cases consumed tramadol to commit suicide; most tramadol consumers were aged below 30 years; the majority of patients with tramadol poisoning were single and male; tramadol was mostly used orally; in most studies, patients were hospitalized for >24 hours; the majority of patients concomitantly took other medications with tramadol; in most studies, patients had a history of tramadol use; most studies reported a relationship between tramadol dose and seizures, and the most common cause of hospital referral was decreased consciousness level. Conclusion: Tramadol misuse and poisoning could lead to seizures and often death. Besides, most cases with tramadol poisoning were aged below 30 and consumed tramadol to commit suicide. Thus, it is crucial to improve the youth’s awareness about tramadol use, develop methods to prevent suicides, and limit access to this drug, especially in young adults.Reza AkhavanDavood SoroushSeyed Reza HabibzadehFatemeh MalekiEsmaeil Rayat DosAli TeimouriMahdi ForoughianShaheed Beheshti University of Medical SciencesarticlepoisoningtramadolhospitalsmortalityMedicine (General)R5-920Toxicology. PoisonsRA1190-1270ENInternational Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 3, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	poisoning tramadol hospitals mortality Medicine (General) R5-920 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270
spellingShingle	poisoning tramadol hospitals mortality Medicine (General) R5-920 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Reza Akhavan Davood Soroush Seyed Reza Habibzadeh Fatemeh Maleki Esmaeil Rayat Dos Ali Teimouri Mahdi Foroughian Tramadol Poisoning: A Systematic Review of Studies in Iran
description	Background: According to statistics, tramadol use is extremely prevalent in Iran. Besides, tramadol overdose is mostly observed in young individuals. Given the significance of this issue and the increasing prevalence of tramadol use in Iran, this study aimed to systematically review tramadol poisoning in Iran. Methods: In this review, a search was conducted in Persian databases of IranMedex, SID, Medlib, Magiran, as well as Google Scholar using the keywords of “poisoning and tramadol” without a time limitation. Results: Some of the main issues related to tramadol poisoning were as follows: the majority of cases consumed tramadol to commit suicide; most tramadol consumers were aged below 30 years; the majority of patients with tramadol poisoning were single and male; tramadol was mostly used orally; in most studies, patients were hospitalized for >24 hours; the majority of patients concomitantly took other medications with tramadol; in most studies, patients had a history of tramadol use; most studies reported a relationship between tramadol dose and seizures, and the most common cause of hospital referral was decreased consciousness level. Conclusion: Tramadol misuse and poisoning could lead to seizures and often death. Besides, most cases with tramadol poisoning were aged below 30 and consumed tramadol to commit suicide. Thus, it is crucial to improve the youth’s awareness about tramadol use, develop methods to prevent suicides, and limit access to this drug, especially in young adults.
format	article
author	Reza Akhavan Davood Soroush Seyed Reza Habibzadeh Fatemeh Maleki Esmaeil Rayat Dos Ali Teimouri Mahdi Foroughian
author_facet	Reza Akhavan Davood Soroush Seyed Reza Habibzadeh Fatemeh Maleki Esmaeil Rayat Dos Ali Teimouri Mahdi Foroughian
author_sort	Reza Akhavan
title	Tramadol Poisoning: A Systematic Review of Studies in Iran
title_short	Tramadol Poisoning: A Systematic Review of Studies in Iran
title_full	Tramadol Poisoning: A Systematic Review of Studies in Iran
title_fullStr	Tramadol Poisoning: A Systematic Review of Studies in Iran
title_full_unstemmed	Tramadol Poisoning: A Systematic Review of Studies in Iran
title_sort	tramadol poisoning: a systematic review of studies in iran
publisher	Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
publishDate	2021
url	https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v11i3.30181 https://doaj.org/article/262ad7c3b79f47ca9d5646ca762f98f1
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Tramadol Poisoning: A Systematic Review of Studies in Iran

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