Advances in Immunotherapy and the TGF-β Resistance Pathway in Metastatic Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer accounts for nearly 200,000 deaths worldwide yearly. Urothelial carcinoma (UC) accounts for nearly 90% of cases of bladder cancer. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has remained the mainstay of treatment in the first-line setting for locally advanced or metastatic UC. More recently, the tr...

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Autores principales:	David J. Benjamin, Yung Lyou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	urothelial carcinoma bladder cancer immunotherapy TGF-β resistance pathway Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/26625f45f9874fcfa537b6f572bfa57c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:26625f45f9874fcfa537b6f572bfa57c2021-11-25T17:03:18ZAdvances in Immunotherapy and the TGF-β Resistance Pathway in Metastatic Bladder Cancer10.3390/cancers132257242072-6694https://doaj.org/article/26625f45f9874fcfa537b6f572bfa57c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/22/5724https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Bladder cancer accounts for nearly 200,000 deaths worldwide yearly. Urothelial carcinoma (UC) accounts for nearly 90% of cases of bladder cancer. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has remained the mainstay of treatment in the first-line setting for locally advanced or metastatic UC. More recently, the treatment paradigm in the second-line setting was drastically altered with the approval of several immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Given that only a small subset of patients respond to ICI, further studies have been undertaken to understand potential resistance mechanisms to ICI. One potential resistance mechanism that has been identified in the setting of metastatic UC is the TGF-β signaling pathway. Several pre-clinical and ongoing clinical trials in multiple advanced tumor types have evaluated several therapies that target the TGF-β pathway. In addition, there are ongoing and planned clinical trials combining TGF-β inhibition with ICI, which may provide a promising therapeutic approach for patients with advanced and metastatic UC.David J. BenjaminYung LyouMDPI AGarticleurothelial carcinomabladder cancerimmunotherapyTGF-β resistance pathwayNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5724, p 5724 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	urothelial carcinoma bladder cancer immunotherapy TGF-β resistance pathway Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	urothelial carcinoma bladder cancer immunotherapy TGF-β resistance pathway Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 David J. Benjamin Yung Lyou Advances in Immunotherapy and the TGF-β Resistance Pathway in Metastatic Bladder Cancer
description	Bladder cancer accounts for nearly 200,000 deaths worldwide yearly. Urothelial carcinoma (UC) accounts for nearly 90% of cases of bladder cancer. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has remained the mainstay of treatment in the first-line setting for locally advanced or metastatic UC. More recently, the treatment paradigm in the second-line setting was drastically altered with the approval of several immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Given that only a small subset of patients respond to ICI, further studies have been undertaken to understand potential resistance mechanisms to ICI. One potential resistance mechanism that has been identified in the setting of metastatic UC is the TGF-β signaling pathway. Several pre-clinical and ongoing clinical trials in multiple advanced tumor types have evaluated several therapies that target the TGF-β pathway. In addition, there are ongoing and planned clinical trials combining TGF-β inhibition with ICI, which may provide a promising therapeutic approach for patients with advanced and metastatic UC.
format	article
author	David J. Benjamin Yung Lyou
author_facet	David J. Benjamin Yung Lyou
author_sort	David J. Benjamin
title	Advances in Immunotherapy and the TGF-β Resistance Pathway in Metastatic Bladder Cancer
title_short	Advances in Immunotherapy and the TGF-β Resistance Pathway in Metastatic Bladder Cancer
title_full	Advances in Immunotherapy and the TGF-β Resistance Pathway in Metastatic Bladder Cancer
title_fullStr	Advances in Immunotherapy and the TGF-β Resistance Pathway in Metastatic Bladder Cancer
title_full_unstemmed	Advances in Immunotherapy and the TGF-β Resistance Pathway in Metastatic Bladder Cancer
title_sort	advances in immunotherapy and the tgf-β resistance pathway in metastatic bladder cancer
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/26625f45f9874fcfa537b6f572bfa57c
work_keys_str_mv	AT davidjbenjamin advancesinimmunotherapyandthetgfbresistancepathwayinmetastaticbladdercancer AT yunglyou advancesinimmunotherapyandthetgfbresistancepathwayinmetastaticbladdercancer
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Advances in Immunotherapy and the TGF-β Resistance Pathway in Metastatic Bladder Cancer

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