Omics-Facilitated Crop Improvement for Climate Resilience and Superior Nutritive Value

Novel crop improvement approaches, including those that facilitate for the exploitation of crop wild relatives and underutilized species harboring the much-needed natural allelic variation are indispensable if we are to develop climate-smart crops with enhanced abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, h...

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Autores principales:	Tinashe Zenda, Songtao Liu, Anyi Dong, Jiao Li, Yafei Wang, Xinyue Liu, Nan Wang, Huijun Duan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	abiotic stress biotic stress pan-genomes nutritive traits multi-omics technologies systems biology approach Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/266df096bf194eb386c6555b0edf0663
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:266df096bf194eb386c6555b0edf06632021-12-02T00:34:09ZOmics-Facilitated Crop Improvement for Climate Resilience and Superior Nutritive Value1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.774994https://doaj.org/article/266df096bf194eb386c6555b0edf06632021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.774994/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XNovel crop improvement approaches, including those that facilitate for the exploitation of crop wild relatives and underutilized species harboring the much-needed natural allelic variation are indispensable if we are to develop climate-smart crops with enhanced abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, higher nutritive value, and superior traits of agronomic importance. Top among these approaches are the “omics” technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, phenomics, and their integration, whose deployment has been vital in revealing several key genes, proteins and metabolic pathways underlying numerous traits of agronomic importance, and aiding marker-assisted breeding in major crop species. Here, citing several relevant examples, we appraise our understanding on the recent developments in omics technologies and how they are driving our quest to breed climate resilient crops. Large-scale genome resequencing, pan-genomes and genome-wide association studies are aiding the identification and analysis of species-level genome variations, whilst RNA-sequencing driven transcriptomics has provided unprecedented opportunities for conducting crop abiotic and biotic stress response studies. Meanwhile, single cell transcriptomics is slowly becoming an indispensable tool for decoding cell-specific stress responses, although several technical and experimental design challenges still need to be resolved. Additionally, the refinement of the conventional techniques and advent of modern, high-resolution proteomics technologies necessitated a gradual shift from the general descriptive studies of plant protein abundances to large scale analysis of protein-metabolite interactions. Especially, metabolomics is currently receiving special attention, owing to the role metabolites play as metabolic intermediates and close links to the phenotypic expression. Further, high throughput phenomics applications are driving the targeting of new research domains such as root system architecture analysis, and exploration of plant root-associated microbes for improved crop health and climate resilience. Overall, coupling these multi-omics technologies to modern plant breeding and genetic engineering methods ensures an all-encompassing approach to developing nutritionally-rich and climate-smart crops whose productivity can sustainably and sufficiently meet the current and future food, nutrition and energy demands.Tinashe ZendaTinashe ZendaTinashe ZendaSongtao LiuAnyi DongAnyi DongJiao LiJiao LiYafei WangYafei WangXinyue LiuXinyue LiuNan WangNan WangHuijun DuanHuijun DuanFrontiers Media S.A.articleabiotic stressbiotic stresspan-genomesnutritive traitsmulti-omics technologiessystems biology approachPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	abiotic stress biotic stress pan-genomes nutritive traits multi-omics technologies systems biology approach Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	abiotic stress biotic stress pan-genomes nutritive traits multi-omics technologies systems biology approach Plant culture SB1-1110 Tinashe Zenda Tinashe Zenda Tinashe Zenda Songtao Liu Anyi Dong Anyi Dong Jiao Li Jiao Li Yafei Wang Yafei Wang Xinyue Liu Xinyue Liu Nan Wang Nan Wang Huijun Duan Huijun Duan Omics-Facilitated Crop Improvement for Climate Resilience and Superior Nutritive Value
description	Novel crop improvement approaches, including those that facilitate for the exploitation of crop wild relatives and underutilized species harboring the much-needed natural allelic variation are indispensable if we are to develop climate-smart crops with enhanced abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, higher nutritive value, and superior traits of agronomic importance. Top among these approaches are the “omics” technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, phenomics, and their integration, whose deployment has been vital in revealing several key genes, proteins and metabolic pathways underlying numerous traits of agronomic importance, and aiding marker-assisted breeding in major crop species. Here, citing several relevant examples, we appraise our understanding on the recent developments in omics technologies and how they are driving our quest to breed climate resilient crops. Large-scale genome resequencing, pan-genomes and genome-wide association studies are aiding the identification and analysis of species-level genome variations, whilst RNA-sequencing driven transcriptomics has provided unprecedented opportunities for conducting crop abiotic and biotic stress response studies. Meanwhile, single cell transcriptomics is slowly becoming an indispensable tool for decoding cell-specific stress responses, although several technical and experimental design challenges still need to be resolved. Additionally, the refinement of the conventional techniques and advent of modern, high-resolution proteomics technologies necessitated a gradual shift from the general descriptive studies of plant protein abundances to large scale analysis of protein-metabolite interactions. Especially, metabolomics is currently receiving special attention, owing to the role metabolites play as metabolic intermediates and close links to the phenotypic expression. Further, high throughput phenomics applications are driving the targeting of new research domains such as root system architecture analysis, and exploration of plant root-associated microbes for improved crop health and climate resilience. Overall, coupling these multi-omics technologies to modern plant breeding and genetic engineering methods ensures an all-encompassing approach to developing nutritionally-rich and climate-smart crops whose productivity can sustainably and sufficiently meet the current and future food, nutrition and energy demands.
format	article
author	Tinashe Zenda Tinashe Zenda Tinashe Zenda Songtao Liu Anyi Dong Anyi Dong Jiao Li Jiao Li Yafei Wang Yafei Wang Xinyue Liu Xinyue Liu Nan Wang Nan Wang Huijun Duan Huijun Duan
author_facet	Tinashe Zenda Tinashe Zenda Tinashe Zenda Songtao Liu Anyi Dong Anyi Dong Jiao Li Jiao Li Yafei Wang Yafei Wang Xinyue Liu Xinyue Liu Nan Wang Nan Wang Huijun Duan Huijun Duan
author_sort	Tinashe Zenda
title	Omics-Facilitated Crop Improvement for Climate Resilience and Superior Nutritive Value
title_short	Omics-Facilitated Crop Improvement for Climate Resilience and Superior Nutritive Value
title_full	Omics-Facilitated Crop Improvement for Climate Resilience and Superior Nutritive Value
title_fullStr	Omics-Facilitated Crop Improvement for Climate Resilience and Superior Nutritive Value
title_full_unstemmed	Omics-Facilitated Crop Improvement for Climate Resilience and Superior Nutritive Value
title_sort	omics-facilitated crop improvement for climate resilience and superior nutritive value
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/266df096bf194eb386c6555b0edf0663
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Omics-Facilitated Crop Improvement for Climate Resilience and Superior Nutritive Value

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