Cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change.

Marine planktonic diatoms export carbon to the deep ocean, playing a key role in the global carbon cycle. Although commonly thought to have diversified over the Cenozoic as global oceans cooled, only two conflicting quantitative reconstructions exist, both from the Neptune deep-sea microfossil occur...

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Autores principales:	David Lazarus, John Barron, Johan Renaudie, Patrick Diver, Andreas Türke
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/26873b8df910418492ba1beaac5343a1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:26873b8df910418492ba1beaac5343a12021-11-18T08:36:40ZCenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0084857https://doaj.org/article/26873b8df910418492ba1beaac5343a12014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24465441/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Marine planktonic diatoms export carbon to the deep ocean, playing a key role in the global carbon cycle. Although commonly thought to have diversified over the Cenozoic as global oceans cooled, only two conflicting quantitative reconstructions exist, both from the Neptune deep-sea microfossil occurrences database. Total diversity shows Cenozoic increase but is sample size biased; conventional subsampling shows little net change. We calculate diversity from a separately compiled new diatom species range catalog, and recalculate Neptune subsampled-in-bin diversity using new methods to correct for increasing Cenozoic geographic endemism and decreasing Cenozoic evenness. We find coherent, substantial Cenozoic diversification in both datasets. Many living cold water species, including species important for export productivity, originate only in the latest Miocene or younger. We make a first quantitative comparison of diatom diversity to the global Cenozoic benthic ∂(18)O (climate) and carbon cycle records (∂(13)C, and 20-0 Ma pCO2). Warmer climates are strongly correlated with lower diatom diversity (raw: rho = .92, p<.001; detrended, r = .6, p = .01). Diatoms were 20% less diverse in the early late Miocene, when temperatures and pCO2 were only moderately higher than today. Diversity is strongly correlated to both ∂(13)C and pCO2 over the last 15 my (for both: r>.9, detrended r>.6, all p<.001), but only weakly over the earlier Cenozoic, suggesting increasingly strong linkage of diatom and climate evolution in the Neogene. Our results suggest that many living marine planktonic diatom species may be at risk of extinction in future warm oceans, with an unknown but potentially substantial negative impact on the ocean biologic pump and oceanic carbon sequestration. We cannot however extrapolate our my-scale correlations with generic climate proxies to anthropogenic time-scales of warming without additional species-specific information on proximate ecologic controls.David LazarusJohn BarronJohan RenaudiePatrick DiverAndreas TürkePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e84857 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q David Lazarus John Barron Johan Renaudie Patrick Diver Andreas Türke Cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change.
description	Marine planktonic diatoms export carbon to the deep ocean, playing a key role in the global carbon cycle. Although commonly thought to have diversified over the Cenozoic as global oceans cooled, only two conflicting quantitative reconstructions exist, both from the Neptune deep-sea microfossil occurrences database. Total diversity shows Cenozoic increase but is sample size biased; conventional subsampling shows little net change. We calculate diversity from a separately compiled new diatom species range catalog, and recalculate Neptune subsampled-in-bin diversity using new methods to correct for increasing Cenozoic geographic endemism and decreasing Cenozoic evenness. We find coherent, substantial Cenozoic diversification in both datasets. Many living cold water species, including species important for export productivity, originate only in the latest Miocene or younger. We make a first quantitative comparison of diatom diversity to the global Cenozoic benthic ∂(18)O (climate) and carbon cycle records (∂(13)C, and 20-0 Ma pCO2). Warmer climates are strongly correlated with lower diatom diversity (raw: rho = .92, p<.001; detrended, r = .6, p = .01). Diatoms were 20% less diverse in the early late Miocene, when temperatures and pCO2 were only moderately higher than today. Diversity is strongly correlated to both ∂(13)C and pCO2 over the last 15 my (for both: r>.9, detrended r>.6, all p<.001), but only weakly over the earlier Cenozoic, suggesting increasingly strong linkage of diatom and climate evolution in the Neogene. Our results suggest that many living marine planktonic diatom species may be at risk of extinction in future warm oceans, with an unknown but potentially substantial negative impact on the ocean biologic pump and oceanic carbon sequestration. We cannot however extrapolate our my-scale correlations with generic climate proxies to anthropogenic time-scales of warming without additional species-specific information on proximate ecologic controls.
format	article
author	David Lazarus John Barron Johan Renaudie Patrick Diver Andreas Türke
author_facet	David Lazarus John Barron Johan Renaudie Patrick Diver Andreas Türke
author_sort	David Lazarus
title	Cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change.
title_short	Cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change.
title_full	Cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change.
title_fullStr	Cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change.
title_full_unstemmed	Cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change.
title_sort	cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/26873b8df910418492ba1beaac5343a1
work_keys_str_mv	AT davidlazarus cenozoicplanktonicmarinediatomdiversityandcorrelationtoclimatechange AT johnbarron cenozoicplanktonicmarinediatomdiversityandcorrelationtoclimatechange AT johanrenaudie cenozoicplanktonicmarinediatomdiversityandcorrelationtoclimatechange AT patrickdiver cenozoicplanktonicmarinediatomdiversityandcorrelationtoclimatechange AT andreasturke cenozoicplanktonicmarinediatomdiversityandcorrelationtoclimatechange
_version_	1718421549607813120

Cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change.

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