Genetic underpinnings of regional adiposity distribution in African Americans: Assessments from the Jackson Heart Study.

<h4>Background</h4>African ancestry individuals with comparable overall anthropometric measures to Europeans have lower abdominal adiposity. To explore the genetic underpinning of different adiposity patterns, we investigated whether genetic risk scores for well-studied adiposity phenoty...

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Autores principales:	Mohammad Y Anwar, Laura M Raffield, Leslie A Lange, Adolfo Correa, Kira C Taylor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/269d1fe6535647a7b41ddafd3c11d0c4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:269d1fe6535647a7b41ddafd3c11d0c42021-12-02T20:18:43ZGenetic underpinnings of regional adiposity distribution in African Americans: Assessments from the Jackson Heart Study.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255609https://doaj.org/article/269d1fe6535647a7b41ddafd3c11d0c42021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255609https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>African ancestry individuals with comparable overall anthropometric measures to Europeans have lower abdominal adiposity. To explore the genetic underpinning of different adiposity patterns, we investigated whether genetic risk scores for well-studied adiposity phenotypes like body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) also predict other, less commonly measured adiposity measures in 2420 African American individuals from the Jackson Heart Study.<h4>Methods</h4>Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were calculated using GWAS-significant variants extracted from published studies mostly representing European ancestry populations for BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR) adjusted for BMI (WHRBMIadj), waist circumference adjusted for BMI (WCBMIadj), and body fat percentage (BF%). Associations between each PRS and adiposity measures including BF%, subcutaneous adiposity tissue (SAT), visceral adiposity tissue (VAT) and VAT:SAT ratio (VSR) were examined using multivariable linear regression, with or without BMI adjustment.<h4>Results</h4>In non-BMI adjusted models, all phenotype-PRS were found to be positive predictors of BF%, SAT and VAT. WHR-PRS was a positive predictor of VSR, but BF% and BMI-PRS were negative predictors of VSR. After adjusting for BMI, WHR-PRS remained a positive predictor of BF%, VAT and VSR but not SAT. WC-PRS was a positive predictor of SAT and VAT; BF%-PRS was a positive predictor of BF% and SAT only.<h4>Conclusion</h4>These analyses suggest that genetically driven increases in BF% strongly associate with subcutaneous rather than visceral adiposity and BF% is strongly associated with BMI but not central adiposity-associated genetic variants. How common genetic variants may contribute to observed differences in adiposity patterns between African and European ancestry individuals requires further study.Mohammad Y AnwarLaura M RaffieldLeslie A LangeAdolfo CorreaKira C TaylorPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255609 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mohammad Y Anwar Laura M Raffield Leslie A Lange Adolfo Correa Kira C Taylor Genetic underpinnings of regional adiposity distribution in African Americans: Assessments from the Jackson Heart Study.
description	<h4>Background</h4>African ancestry individuals with comparable overall anthropometric measures to Europeans have lower abdominal adiposity. To explore the genetic underpinning of different adiposity patterns, we investigated whether genetic risk scores for well-studied adiposity phenotypes like body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) also predict other, less commonly measured adiposity measures in 2420 African American individuals from the Jackson Heart Study.<h4>Methods</h4>Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were calculated using GWAS-significant variants extracted from published studies mostly representing European ancestry populations for BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR) adjusted for BMI (WHRBMIadj), waist circumference adjusted for BMI (WCBMIadj), and body fat percentage (BF%). Associations between each PRS and adiposity measures including BF%, subcutaneous adiposity tissue (SAT), visceral adiposity tissue (VAT) and VAT:SAT ratio (VSR) were examined using multivariable linear regression, with or without BMI adjustment.<h4>Results</h4>In non-BMI adjusted models, all phenotype-PRS were found to be positive predictors of BF%, SAT and VAT. WHR-PRS was a positive predictor of VSR, but BF% and BMI-PRS were negative predictors of VSR. After adjusting for BMI, WHR-PRS remained a positive predictor of BF%, VAT and VSR but not SAT. WC-PRS was a positive predictor of SAT and VAT; BF%-PRS was a positive predictor of BF% and SAT only.<h4>Conclusion</h4>These analyses suggest that genetically driven increases in BF% strongly associate with subcutaneous rather than visceral adiposity and BF% is strongly associated with BMI but not central adiposity-associated genetic variants. How common genetic variants may contribute to observed differences in adiposity patterns between African and European ancestry individuals requires further study.
format	article
author	Mohammad Y Anwar Laura M Raffield Leslie A Lange Adolfo Correa Kira C Taylor
author_facet	Mohammad Y Anwar Laura M Raffield Leslie A Lange Adolfo Correa Kira C Taylor
author_sort	Mohammad Y Anwar
title	Genetic underpinnings of regional adiposity distribution in African Americans: Assessments from the Jackson Heart Study.
title_short	Genetic underpinnings of regional adiposity distribution in African Americans: Assessments from the Jackson Heart Study.
title_full	Genetic underpinnings of regional adiposity distribution in African Americans: Assessments from the Jackson Heart Study.
title_fullStr	Genetic underpinnings of regional adiposity distribution in African Americans: Assessments from the Jackson Heart Study.
title_full_unstemmed	Genetic underpinnings of regional adiposity distribution in African Americans: Assessments from the Jackson Heart Study.
title_sort	genetic underpinnings of regional adiposity distribution in african americans: assessments from the jackson heart study.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/269d1fe6535647a7b41ddafd3c11d0c4
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Genetic underpinnings of regional adiposity distribution in African Americans: Assessments from the Jackson Heart Study.

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