Gestalts at threshold could reveal Gestalts as predictions

Abstract We review and revisit the predictive processing inspired “Gestalts as predictions” hypothesis. The study of Gestalt phenomena at and below threshold can help clarify the role of higher-order object selective areas and feedback connections in mid-level vision. In two psychophysical experimen...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Thiago Leiros Costa, Johan Wagemans
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/26d30ba96e7643bea0ab5c89a3867efc
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:26d30ba96e7643bea0ab5c89a3867efc
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:26d30ba96e7643bea0ab5c89a3867efc2021-12-02T15:15:40ZGestalts at threshold could reveal Gestalts as predictions10.1038/s41598-021-97878-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/26d30ba96e7643bea0ab5c89a3867efc2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97878-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We review and revisit the predictive processing inspired “Gestalts as predictions” hypothesis. The study of Gestalt phenomena at and below threshold can help clarify the role of higher-order object selective areas and feedback connections in mid-level vision. In two psychophysical experiments assessing manipulations of contrast and configurality we showed that: (1) Gestalt phenomena are robust against saliency manipulations across the psychometric function even below threshold (with the accuracy gains and higher saliency associated with Gestalts being present even around chance performance); and (2) peak differences between Gestalt and control conditions happened around the time where responses to Gestalts are starting to saturate (mimicking the differential contrast response profile of striate vs. extra-striate visual neurons). In addition, Gestalts are associated with steeper psychometric functions in all experiments. We propose that these results reflect the differential engagement of object-selective areas in Gestalt phenomena and of information- or percept-based processing, as opposed to energy- or stimulus-based processing, more generally. In addition, the presence of nonlinearities in the psychometric functions suggest differential top-down modulation of the early visual cortex. We treat this as a proof of principle study, illustrating that classic psychophysics can help assess possible involvement of hierarchical predictive processing in Gestalt phenomena.Thiago Leiros CostaJohan WagemansNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Thiago Leiros Costa Johan Wagemans Gestalts at threshold could reveal Gestalts as predictions
description	Abstract We review and revisit the predictive processing inspired “Gestalts as predictions” hypothesis. The study of Gestalt phenomena at and below threshold can help clarify the role of higher-order object selective areas and feedback connections in mid-level vision. In two psychophysical experiments assessing manipulations of contrast and configurality we showed that: (1) Gestalt phenomena are robust against saliency manipulations across the psychometric function even below threshold (with the accuracy gains and higher saliency associated with Gestalts being present even around chance performance); and (2) peak differences between Gestalt and control conditions happened around the time where responses to Gestalts are starting to saturate (mimicking the differential contrast response profile of striate vs. extra-striate visual neurons). In addition, Gestalts are associated with steeper psychometric functions in all experiments. We propose that these results reflect the differential engagement of object-selective areas in Gestalt phenomena and of information- or percept-based processing, as opposed to energy- or stimulus-based processing, more generally. In addition, the presence of nonlinearities in the psychometric functions suggest differential top-down modulation of the early visual cortex. We treat this as a proof of principle study, illustrating that classic psychophysics can help assess possible involvement of hierarchical predictive processing in Gestalt phenomena.
format	article
author	Thiago Leiros Costa Johan Wagemans
author_facet	Thiago Leiros Costa Johan Wagemans
author_sort	Thiago Leiros Costa
title	Gestalts at threshold could reveal Gestalts as predictions
title_short	Gestalts at threshold could reveal Gestalts as predictions
title_full	Gestalts at threshold could reveal Gestalts as predictions
title_fullStr	Gestalts at threshold could reveal Gestalts as predictions
title_full_unstemmed	Gestalts at threshold could reveal Gestalts as predictions
title_sort	gestalts at threshold could reveal gestalts as predictions
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/26d30ba96e7643bea0ab5c89a3867efc
work_keys_str_mv	AT thiagoleiroscosta gestaltsatthresholdcouldrevealgestaltsaspredictions AT johanwagemans gestaltsatthresholdcouldrevealgestaltsaspredictions
_version_	1718387497065512960

Gestalts at threshold could reveal Gestalts as predictions

Ejemplares similares