Ablation Patterns of the Debris Covered Tongue of Halong Glacier Revealed by Short Term Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveys

Debris-covered glaciers are an important glacier type and have attracted more and more attention. This study presents the results of ablation patterns of debris-covered tongue of the Halong Glacier in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, by using two repeated unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys perfo...

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Autores principales:	Wanqin Guo, Xiaojun Guo, Yushuo Liu, Jing Li, Donghui Shangguan, Liqun Chen, Jin Ga
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Halong Glacier debris covered glacier ablation pattern unman aerial vehicle ice cliff Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/27437513556a49a38167dfdc8a1fe95f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:27437513556a49a38167dfdc8a1fe95f2021-11-11T15:27:00ZAblation Patterns of the Debris Covered Tongue of Halong Glacier Revealed by Short Term Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveys2296-646310.3389/feart.2021.740160https://doaj.org/article/27437513556a49a38167dfdc8a1fe95f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.740160/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463Debris-covered glaciers are an important glacier type and have attracted more and more attention. This study presents the results of ablation patterns of debris-covered tongue of the Halong Glacier in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, by using two repeated unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys performed on August 11 and September 15, 2019. The results show that the tongue of Halong Glacier has experienced strong ablation during the surveyed period, with an overall ice loss amount to 4.17 × 105 metric tons. Among all the briefly classified surface types, supraglacial debris has the largest area (80.9%) and also mass losses (58.6%) comparing to others. However, ice cliffs show the strongest and the most significant ablation rates (averagely 1.36 and 1.22 m w.e. for supraglacial and lateral ice cliffs, respectively), followed by clean ice regions (1.01 m w.e.). The backwastes of ice cliffs also resulted in up to 7.8 m horizontal back-off at different parts of Halong Glacier, lead to fast terminal retreat and narrowing down of the glacier tongue, and may result in the break off of Halong Glacier tongue into separated parts in the future. The surface ablation rates show a clear negative exponential relationship with the measured debris thicknesses, well in accordance with previous studies. Regions in cutting and flushing by supraglacial and lateral rivers have the largest surface elevation decreases but are not significant due to their limited area and the relatively lower quality of UAV digital surface models (DSMs) in those covered regions.Wanqin GuoXiaojun GuoYushuo LiuJing LiDonghui ShangguanLiqun ChenJin GaFrontiers Media S.A.articleHalong Glacierdebris covered glacierablation patternunman aerial vehicleice cliffScienceQENFrontiers in Earth Science, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Halong Glacier debris covered glacier ablation pattern unman aerial vehicle ice cliff Science Q
spellingShingle	Halong Glacier debris covered glacier ablation pattern unman aerial vehicle ice cliff Science Q Wanqin Guo Xiaojun Guo Yushuo Liu Jing Li Donghui Shangguan Liqun Chen Jin Ga Ablation Patterns of the Debris Covered Tongue of Halong Glacier Revealed by Short Term Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveys
description	Debris-covered glaciers are an important glacier type and have attracted more and more attention. This study presents the results of ablation patterns of debris-covered tongue of the Halong Glacier in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, by using two repeated unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys performed on August 11 and September 15, 2019. The results show that the tongue of Halong Glacier has experienced strong ablation during the surveyed period, with an overall ice loss amount to 4.17 × 105 metric tons. Among all the briefly classified surface types, supraglacial debris has the largest area (80.9%) and also mass losses (58.6%) comparing to others. However, ice cliffs show the strongest and the most significant ablation rates (averagely 1.36 and 1.22 m w.e. for supraglacial and lateral ice cliffs, respectively), followed by clean ice regions (1.01 m w.e.). The backwastes of ice cliffs also resulted in up to 7.8 m horizontal back-off at different parts of Halong Glacier, lead to fast terminal retreat and narrowing down of the glacier tongue, and may result in the break off of Halong Glacier tongue into separated parts in the future. The surface ablation rates show a clear negative exponential relationship with the measured debris thicknesses, well in accordance with previous studies. Regions in cutting and flushing by supraglacial and lateral rivers have the largest surface elevation decreases but are not significant due to their limited area and the relatively lower quality of UAV digital surface models (DSMs) in those covered regions.
format	article
author	Wanqin Guo Xiaojun Guo Yushuo Liu Jing Li Donghui Shangguan Liqun Chen Jin Ga
author_facet	Wanqin Guo Xiaojun Guo Yushuo Liu Jing Li Donghui Shangguan Liqun Chen Jin Ga
author_sort	Wanqin Guo
title	Ablation Patterns of the Debris Covered Tongue of Halong Glacier Revealed by Short Term Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveys
title_short	Ablation Patterns of the Debris Covered Tongue of Halong Glacier Revealed by Short Term Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveys
title_full	Ablation Patterns of the Debris Covered Tongue of Halong Glacier Revealed by Short Term Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveys
title_fullStr	Ablation Patterns of the Debris Covered Tongue of Halong Glacier Revealed by Short Term Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveys
title_full_unstemmed	Ablation Patterns of the Debris Covered Tongue of Halong Glacier Revealed by Short Term Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveys
title_sort	ablation patterns of the debris covered tongue of halong glacier revealed by short term unmanned aerial vehicle surveys
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/27437513556a49a38167dfdc8a1fe95f
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Ablation Patterns of the Debris Covered Tongue of Halong Glacier Revealed by Short Term Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveys

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