Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients exhibit a plethora of risk factors for nutritional decline, including the presence of chronic inflammation and the progressive nature of disease-related multisystem involvement. The prevalence and consequences of nutritional decline in scleroderma are frequently und...

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Autores principales:	Alexandra Maria Burlui, Anca Cardoneanu, Luana Andreea Macovei, Ciprian Rezus, Lucian Vasile Boiculese, Mariana Graur, Elena Rezus
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	systemic sclerosis diet nutrition relative fat mass sodium weight loss Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/274704e9970b434da000f49f7199146d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:274704e9970b434da000f49f7199146d2021-11-25T17:21:46ZDiet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?10.3390/diagnostics111121182075-4418https://doaj.org/article/274704e9970b434da000f49f7199146d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/11/2118https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4418Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients exhibit a plethora of risk factors for nutritional decline, including the presence of chronic inflammation and the progressive nature of disease-related multisystem involvement. The prevalence and consequences of nutritional decline in scleroderma are frequently underestimated, its management currently remaining a subject of debate. The main objective of the present study was to perform a detailed assessment of scleroderma patients’ diet as well as their eating habits and to describe the relationships with weight loss and malnutrition risk in the absence of professional nutritional counseling. Methods: We used a translated and validated version of the EPIC-Norfolk FFQ (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Norfolk Food Frequency Questionnaire) to evaluate the patients’ diet and MUST (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool) to investigate the risk of malnutrition. Disease activity was estimated using the EUSTAR-AI (European Scleroderma Trials and Research group Activity Index). Results: We included 69 patients with SSc, of which 42 underwent a detailed dietary assessment. Dietary factors were connected to body composition and digestive symptoms. We found high sodium intake and frequent suboptimal energy consumption in our study group, including patients with cardiopulmonary involvement. Liver transaminases were inversely correlated with the consumption of nuts and seeds. Malnutrition and weight loss were significantly associated with pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, albumin levels, and the extent of skin fibrosis, but not advanced age. Although the patients with EUSTAR-AI ≥ 2.5 were more frequently included in the moderate and high malnutrition risk categories, these results did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Currently, there is an unmet need for longitudinal and interventional research focusing on the long-term significance, ramifications, and management of nutritional impairment in SSc patients with various clinical manifestations. Our results indicate that scleroderma patients could benefit from personalized nutritional counseling in an interdisciplinary setting.Alexandra Maria BurluiAnca CardoneanuLuana Andreea MacoveiCiprian RezusLucian Vasile BoiculeseMariana GraurElena RezusMDPI AGarticlesystemic sclerosisdietnutritionrelative fat masssodiumweight lossMedicine (General)R5-920ENDiagnostics, Vol 11, Iss 2118, p 2118 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	systemic sclerosis diet nutrition relative fat mass sodium weight loss Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	systemic sclerosis diet nutrition relative fat mass sodium weight loss Medicine (General) R5-920 Alexandra Maria Burlui Anca Cardoneanu Luana Andreea Macovei Ciprian Rezus Lucian Vasile Boiculese Mariana Graur Elena Rezus Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?
description	Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients exhibit a plethora of risk factors for nutritional decline, including the presence of chronic inflammation and the progressive nature of disease-related multisystem involvement. The prevalence and consequences of nutritional decline in scleroderma are frequently underestimated, its management currently remaining a subject of debate. The main objective of the present study was to perform a detailed assessment of scleroderma patients’ diet as well as their eating habits and to describe the relationships with weight loss and malnutrition risk in the absence of professional nutritional counseling. Methods: We used a translated and validated version of the EPIC-Norfolk FFQ (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Norfolk Food Frequency Questionnaire) to evaluate the patients’ diet and MUST (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool) to investigate the risk of malnutrition. Disease activity was estimated using the EUSTAR-AI (European Scleroderma Trials and Research group Activity Index). Results: We included 69 patients with SSc, of which 42 underwent a detailed dietary assessment. Dietary factors were connected to body composition and digestive symptoms. We found high sodium intake and frequent suboptimal energy consumption in our study group, including patients with cardiopulmonary involvement. Liver transaminases were inversely correlated with the consumption of nuts and seeds. Malnutrition and weight loss were significantly associated with pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, albumin levels, and the extent of skin fibrosis, but not advanced age. Although the patients with EUSTAR-AI ≥ 2.5 were more frequently included in the moderate and high malnutrition risk categories, these results did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Currently, there is an unmet need for longitudinal and interventional research focusing on the long-term significance, ramifications, and management of nutritional impairment in SSc patients with various clinical manifestations. Our results indicate that scleroderma patients could benefit from personalized nutritional counseling in an interdisciplinary setting.
format	article
author	Alexandra Maria Burlui Anca Cardoneanu Luana Andreea Macovei Ciprian Rezus Lucian Vasile Boiculese Mariana Graur Elena Rezus
author_facet	Alexandra Maria Burlui Anca Cardoneanu Luana Andreea Macovei Ciprian Rezus Lucian Vasile Boiculese Mariana Graur Elena Rezus
author_sort	Alexandra Maria Burlui
title	Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?
title_short	Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?
title_full	Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?
title_fullStr	Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?
title_full_unstemmed	Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?
title_sort	diet in scleroderma: is there a need for intervention?
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/274704e9970b434da000f49f7199146d
work_keys_str_mv	AT alexandramariaburlui dietinsclerodermaisthereaneedforintervention AT ancacardoneanu dietinsclerodermaisthereaneedforintervention AT luanaandreeamacovei dietinsclerodermaisthereaneedforintervention AT ciprianrezus dietinsclerodermaisthereaneedforintervention AT lucianvasileboiculese dietinsclerodermaisthereaneedforintervention AT marianagraur dietinsclerodermaisthereaneedforintervention AT elenarezus dietinsclerodermaisthereaneedforintervention
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Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?

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