RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRESS FRACTURES: A CASE CONTROL STUDY

Objective: To identify the risk factors for the development of stress fractures in this sub population in our country. Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Abbottabad Pakistan, from Jan 2015 to Aug 2017. Methodology: This s...

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Autores principales:	Aizaz Saleem Khan, Ambreen Sadiq, Muhammad Qaiser Alam Khan, Hassan Mehmood Syed, Sana Mukarrum
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Army Medical College Rawalpindi 2020
Materias:	risk factors stress fracture Medicine R Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/274c016a71604c35a6b7bf69130609de
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:274c016a71604c35a6b7bf69130609de2021-12-02T17:16:33ZRISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRESS FRACTURES: A CASE CONTROL STUDY0030-96482411-8842https://doaj.org/article/274c016a71604c35a6b7bf69130609de2020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://pafmj.org/index.php/PAFMJ/article/view/5864https://doaj.org/toc/0030-9648https://doaj.org/toc/2411-8842Objective: To identify the risk factors for the development of stress fractures in this sub population in our country. Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Abbottabad Pakistan, from Jan 2015 to Aug 2017. Methodology: This study was conducted to identify different variables as risk factors for stress fractures in training cadets. We analyzed age, gender, running and sports prior to joining training, duration of marching, daily milk and carbonated drinks consumption, cigarette smoking, serum albumin, calcium and vitamin D levels, calf muscle diameter, leg length discrepancy and tibiofemoral angles. Results: A total of 275 participant included in this study, 140 cases, 51% and 135 controls, 49%. Mean age was 20 years. Two hundred and sixty eight (97%) were males and 7 (3%) were females. Grade-2 stress fracture was the commonest with 63 (45%) cases. Regular daily running prior to joining training p<0.006, regular milk intake p<0.005 were found to have a protective effect while subnormal serum calcium level p<0.001, serum vitamin D insufficiency p<0.009, thinner calf diameter p<0.001, heavy daily march p<0.039, leg length discrepancy p<0.025 were significant risk factors. Fourteen percent needed operative treatment. Conclusion: Regular daily running prior to joining training, regular milk intake, thicker calf diameter has a protective effect, while subnormal serum calcium and serum vitamin D levels, daily heavy march, leg length discrepancy are significant risk factors.Aizaz Saleem KhanAmbreen SadiqMuhammad Qaiser Alam KhanHassan Mehmood SyedSana MukarrumArmy Medical College Rawalpindiarticlerisk factorsstress fractureMedicineRMedicine (General)R5-920ENPakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, Vol 70, Iss 6, Pp 1651-1656 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	risk factors stress fracture Medicine R Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	risk factors stress fracture Medicine R Medicine (General) R5-920 Aizaz Saleem Khan Ambreen Sadiq Muhammad Qaiser Alam Khan Hassan Mehmood Syed Sana Mukarrum RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRESS FRACTURES: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
description	Objective: To identify the risk factors for the development of stress fractures in this sub population in our country. Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Abbottabad Pakistan, from Jan 2015 to Aug 2017. Methodology: This study was conducted to identify different variables as risk factors for stress fractures in training cadets. We analyzed age, gender, running and sports prior to joining training, duration of marching, daily milk and carbonated drinks consumption, cigarette smoking, serum albumin, calcium and vitamin D levels, calf muscle diameter, leg length discrepancy and tibiofemoral angles. Results: A total of 275 participant included in this study, 140 cases, 51% and 135 controls, 49%. Mean age was 20 years. Two hundred and sixty eight (97%) were males and 7 (3%) were females. Grade-2 stress fracture was the commonest with 63 (45%) cases. Regular daily running prior to joining training p<0.006, regular milk intake p<0.005 were found to have a protective effect while subnormal serum calcium level p<0.001, serum vitamin D insufficiency p<0.009, thinner calf diameter p<0.001, heavy daily march p<0.039, leg length discrepancy p<0.025 were significant risk factors. Fourteen percent needed operative treatment. Conclusion: Regular daily running prior to joining training, regular milk intake, thicker calf diameter has a protective effect, while subnormal serum calcium and serum vitamin D levels, daily heavy march, leg length discrepancy are significant risk factors.
format	article
author	Aizaz Saleem Khan Ambreen Sadiq Muhammad Qaiser Alam Khan Hassan Mehmood Syed Sana Mukarrum
author_facet	Aizaz Saleem Khan Ambreen Sadiq Muhammad Qaiser Alam Khan Hassan Mehmood Syed Sana Mukarrum
author_sort	Aizaz Saleem Khan
title	RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRESS FRACTURES: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
title_short	RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRESS FRACTURES: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
title_full	RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRESS FRACTURES: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
title_fullStr	RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRESS FRACTURES: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
title_full_unstemmed	RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRESS FRACTURES: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
title_sort	risk factors for the development of stress fractures: a case control study
publisher	Army Medical College Rawalpindi
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/274c016a71604c35a6b7bf69130609de
work_keys_str_mv	AT aizazsaleemkhan riskfactorsforthedevelopmentofstressfracturesacasecontrolstudy AT ambreensadiq riskfactorsforthedevelopmentofstressfracturesacasecontrolstudy AT muhammadqaiseralamkhan riskfactorsforthedevelopmentofstressfracturesacasecontrolstudy AT hassanmehmoodsyed riskfactorsforthedevelopmentofstressfracturesacasecontrolstudy AT sanamukarrum riskfactorsforthedevelopmentofstressfracturesacasecontrolstudy
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RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRESS FRACTURES: A CASE CONTROL STUDY

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