Elucidating poor decision-making in a rat gambling task.

Although poor decision-making is a hallmark of psychiatric conditions such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, pathological gambling or substance abuse, a fraction of healthy individuals exhibit similar poor decision-making performances in everyday life and specific laboratory tasks such as...

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Autores principales:	Marion Rivalan, Vincent Valton, Peggy Seriès, Alain R Marchand, Françoise Dellu-Hagedorn
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/274c7205fe64422ba8fb35ad42d2f659
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:274c7205fe64422ba8fb35ad42d2f6592021-11-18T08:43:18ZElucidating poor decision-making in a rat gambling task.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0082052https://doaj.org/article/274c7205fe64422ba8fb35ad42d2f6592013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24339988/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Although poor decision-making is a hallmark of psychiatric conditions such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, pathological gambling or substance abuse, a fraction of healthy individuals exhibit similar poor decision-making performances in everyday life and specific laboratory tasks such as the Iowa Gambling Task. These particular individuals may provide information on risk factors or common endophenotypes of these mental disorders. In a rodent version of the Iowa gambling task--the Rat Gambling Task (RGT), we identified a population of poor decision makers, and assessed how these rats scored for several behavioral traits relevant to executive disorders: risk taking, reward seeking, behavioral inflexibility, and several aspects of impulsivity. First, we found that poor decision-making could not be well predicted by single behavioral and cognitive characteristics when considered separately. By contrast, a combination of independent traits in the same individual, namely risk taking, reward seeking, behavioral inflexibility, as well as motor impulsivity, was highly predictive of poor decision-making. Second, using a reinforcement-learning model of the RGT, we confirmed that only the combination of extreme scores on these traits could induce maladaptive decision-making. Third, the model suggested that a combination of these behavioral traits results in an inaccurate representation of rewards and penalties and inefficient learning of the environment. Poor decision-making appears as a consequence of the over-valuation of high-reward-high-risk options in the task. Such a specific psychological profile could greatly impair clinically healthy individuals in decision-making tasks and may predispose to mental disorders with similar symptoms.Marion RivalanVincent ValtonPeggy SerièsAlain R MarchandFrançoise Dellu-HagedornPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 12, p e82052 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Marion Rivalan Vincent Valton Peggy Seriès Alain R Marchand Françoise Dellu-Hagedorn Elucidating poor decision-making in a rat gambling task.
description	Although poor decision-making is a hallmark of psychiatric conditions such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, pathological gambling or substance abuse, a fraction of healthy individuals exhibit similar poor decision-making performances in everyday life and specific laboratory tasks such as the Iowa Gambling Task. These particular individuals may provide information on risk factors or common endophenotypes of these mental disorders. In a rodent version of the Iowa gambling task--the Rat Gambling Task (RGT), we identified a population of poor decision makers, and assessed how these rats scored for several behavioral traits relevant to executive disorders: risk taking, reward seeking, behavioral inflexibility, and several aspects of impulsivity. First, we found that poor decision-making could not be well predicted by single behavioral and cognitive characteristics when considered separately. By contrast, a combination of independent traits in the same individual, namely risk taking, reward seeking, behavioral inflexibility, as well as motor impulsivity, was highly predictive of poor decision-making. Second, using a reinforcement-learning model of the RGT, we confirmed that only the combination of extreme scores on these traits could induce maladaptive decision-making. Third, the model suggested that a combination of these behavioral traits results in an inaccurate representation of rewards and penalties and inefficient learning of the environment. Poor decision-making appears as a consequence of the over-valuation of high-reward-high-risk options in the task. Such a specific psychological profile could greatly impair clinically healthy individuals in decision-making tasks and may predispose to mental disorders with similar symptoms.
format	article
author	Marion Rivalan Vincent Valton Peggy Seriès Alain R Marchand Françoise Dellu-Hagedorn
author_facet	Marion Rivalan Vincent Valton Peggy Seriès Alain R Marchand Françoise Dellu-Hagedorn
author_sort	Marion Rivalan
title	Elucidating poor decision-making in a rat gambling task.
title_short	Elucidating poor decision-making in a rat gambling task.
title_full	Elucidating poor decision-making in a rat gambling task.
title_fullStr	Elucidating poor decision-making in a rat gambling task.
title_full_unstemmed	Elucidating poor decision-making in a rat gambling task.
title_sort	elucidating poor decision-making in a rat gambling task.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/274c7205fe64422ba8fb35ad42d2f659
work_keys_str_mv	AT marionrivalan elucidatingpoordecisionmakinginaratgamblingtask AT vincentvalton elucidatingpoordecisionmakinginaratgamblingtask AT peggyseries elucidatingpoordecisionmakinginaratgamblingtask AT alainrmarchand elucidatingpoordecisionmakinginaratgamblingtask AT francoisedelluhagedorn elucidatingpoordecisionmakinginaratgamblingtask
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Elucidating poor decision-making in a rat gambling task.

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