Gait Ability and Muscle Strength in Institutionalized Older Persons with and without Cognitive Decline and Association with Falls

Falls are a complex problem, given their multifactorial nature, the comorbidities involved, and due to the dependency of older persons living in nursing homes. Risk, fear of falling, falls themselves, and their recurrence are the main factors behind fragility fractures, lack of independence, and inc...

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Autores principales:	Maria dos Anjos Dixe, Carla Madeira, Silvia Alves, Maria Adriana Henriques, Cristina Lavareda Baixinho
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	falls aging population nursing home gait muscle strength Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/276a302c1cb447a58dfe2eb0db3b389f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:276a302c1cb447a58dfe2eb0db3b389f2021-11-11T16:39:32ZGait Ability and Muscle Strength in Institutionalized Older Persons with and without Cognitive Decline and Association with Falls10.3390/ijerph1821115431660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/276a302c1cb447a58dfe2eb0db3b389f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11543https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Falls are a complex problem, given their multifactorial nature, the comorbidities involved, and due to the dependency of older persons living in nursing homes. Risk, fear of falling, falls themselves, and their recurrence are the main factors behind fragility fractures, lack of independence, and increases in pain prevalence, and other comorbidities in older populations. The objectives of the present quantitative and longitudinal study were: (a) to characterize the cognitive state and fall frequency of older persons living in nursing homes; (b) to analyze the relationship between cognitive status and some fall risk factors; and (c) to associate cognitive decline, gait ability, and muscle strength of the examined institutionalized older persons with fall occurrence and recurrence over 12 months. The participants were 204 older persons who lived in Portuguese nursing homes, and data were collected from January 2019 to February 2020 by consulting medical records and applying the following instruments: the Mini-Mental State Examination, Timed Up and Go Test, and Medical Research Council Manual Muscle Testing Scale. Fall prevalence, assessed in two periods, 12 months apart, was similar in both samples (with and without cognitive decline) and close to 42%, and the annual recurrence rate was 38.3%. Older persons with no cognitive decline showed an association between gait speed and occurrence of first fall and recurrent fall (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Muscle strength and use of gait aid devices were not related to falls and their recurrence, regardless of mental state.Maria dos Anjos DixeCarla MadeiraSilvia AlvesMaria Adriana HenriquesCristina Lavareda BaixinhoMDPI AGarticlefallsaging populationnursing homegaitmuscle strengthMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11543, p 11543 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	falls aging population nursing home gait muscle strength Medicine R
spellingShingle	falls aging population nursing home gait muscle strength Medicine R Maria dos Anjos Dixe Carla Madeira Silvia Alves Maria Adriana Henriques Cristina Lavareda Baixinho Gait Ability and Muscle Strength in Institutionalized Older Persons with and without Cognitive Decline and Association with Falls
description	Falls are a complex problem, given their multifactorial nature, the comorbidities involved, and due to the dependency of older persons living in nursing homes. Risk, fear of falling, falls themselves, and their recurrence are the main factors behind fragility fractures, lack of independence, and increases in pain prevalence, and other comorbidities in older populations. The objectives of the present quantitative and longitudinal study were: (a) to characterize the cognitive state and fall frequency of older persons living in nursing homes; (b) to analyze the relationship between cognitive status and some fall risk factors; and (c) to associate cognitive decline, gait ability, and muscle strength of the examined institutionalized older persons with fall occurrence and recurrence over 12 months. The participants were 204 older persons who lived in Portuguese nursing homes, and data were collected from January 2019 to February 2020 by consulting medical records and applying the following instruments: the Mini-Mental State Examination, Timed Up and Go Test, and Medical Research Council Manual Muscle Testing Scale. Fall prevalence, assessed in two periods, 12 months apart, was similar in both samples (with and without cognitive decline) and close to 42%, and the annual recurrence rate was 38.3%. Older persons with no cognitive decline showed an association between gait speed and occurrence of first fall and recurrent fall (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Muscle strength and use of gait aid devices were not related to falls and their recurrence, regardless of mental state.
format	article
author	Maria dos Anjos Dixe Carla Madeira Silvia Alves Maria Adriana Henriques Cristina Lavareda Baixinho
author_facet	Maria dos Anjos Dixe Carla Madeira Silvia Alves Maria Adriana Henriques Cristina Lavareda Baixinho
author_sort	Maria dos Anjos Dixe
title	Gait Ability and Muscle Strength in Institutionalized Older Persons with and without Cognitive Decline and Association with Falls
title_short	Gait Ability and Muscle Strength in Institutionalized Older Persons with and without Cognitive Decline and Association with Falls
title_full	Gait Ability and Muscle Strength in Institutionalized Older Persons with and without Cognitive Decline and Association with Falls
title_fullStr	Gait Ability and Muscle Strength in Institutionalized Older Persons with and without Cognitive Decline and Association with Falls
title_full_unstemmed	Gait Ability and Muscle Strength in Institutionalized Older Persons with and without Cognitive Decline and Association with Falls
title_sort	gait ability and muscle strength in institutionalized older persons with and without cognitive decline and association with falls
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/276a302c1cb447a58dfe2eb0db3b389f
work_keys_str_mv	AT mariadosanjosdixe gaitabilityandmusclestrengthininstitutionalizedolderpersonswithandwithoutcognitivedeclineandassociationwithfalls AT carlamadeira gaitabilityandmusclestrengthininstitutionalizedolderpersonswithandwithoutcognitivedeclineandassociationwithfalls AT silviaalves gaitabilityandmusclestrengthininstitutionalizedolderpersonswithandwithoutcognitivedeclineandassociationwithfalls AT mariaadrianahenriques gaitabilityandmusclestrengthininstitutionalizedolderpersonswithandwithoutcognitivedeclineandassociationwithfalls AT cristinalavaredabaixinho gaitabilityandmusclestrengthininstitutionalizedolderpersonswithandwithoutcognitivedeclineandassociationwithfalls
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Gait Ability and Muscle Strength in Institutionalized Older Persons with and without Cognitive Decline and Association with Falls

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