Ancient Metabolisms of a Thermophilic Subseafloor Bacterium

The ancient origins of metabolism may be rooted deep in oceanic crust, and these early metabolisms may have persisted in the habitable thermal anoxic aquifer where conditions remain similar to those when they first appeared. The Wood–Ljungdahl pathway for acetogenesis is a key early biosynthetic pat...

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Autores principales:	Amy R. Smith, Ryan Mueller, Martin R. Fisk, Frederick S. Colwell
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	metabolism carbon fixation acetogenesis bacteria seafloor hydrogen Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2772db06f197400cb858e88eaaf8148d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2772db06f197400cb858e88eaaf8148d2021-12-01T23:24:28ZAncient Metabolisms of a Thermophilic Subseafloor Bacterium1664-302X10.3389/fmicb.2021.764631https://doaj.org/article/2772db06f197400cb858e88eaaf8148d2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.764631/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-302XThe ancient origins of metabolism may be rooted deep in oceanic crust, and these early metabolisms may have persisted in the habitable thermal anoxic aquifer where conditions remain similar to those when they first appeared. The Wood–Ljungdahl pathway for acetogenesis is a key early biosynthetic pathway with the potential to influence ocean chemistry and productivity, but its contemporary role in oceanic crust is not well established. Here, we describe the genome of a novel acetogen from a thermal suboceanic aquifer olivine biofilm in the basaltic crust of the Juan de Fuca Ridge (JdFR) whose genome suggests it may utilize an ancient chemosynthetic lifestyle. This organism encodes the genes for the complete canonical Wood–Ljungdahl pathway, but is potentially unable to use sulfate and certain organic carbon sources such as lipids and carbohydrates to supplement its energy requirements, unlike other known acetogens. Instead, this organism may use peptides and amino acids for energy or as organic carbon sources. Additionally, genes involved in surface adhesion, the import of metallic cations found in Fe-bearing minerals, and use of molecular hydrogen, a product of serpentinization reactions between water and olivine, are prevalent within the genome. These adaptations are likely a reflection of local environmental micro-niches, where cells are adapted to life in biofilms using ancient chemosynthetic metabolisms dependent on H2 and iron minerals. Since this organism is phylogenetically distinct from a related acetogenic group of Clostridiales, we propose it as a new species, Candidatus Acetocimmeria pyornia.Amy R. SmithAmy R. SmithAmy R. SmithRyan MuellerMartin R. FiskFrederick S. ColwellFrontiers Media S.A.articlemetabolismcarbon fixationacetogenesisbacteriaseafloorhydrogenMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	metabolism carbon fixation acetogenesis bacteria seafloor hydrogen Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	metabolism carbon fixation acetogenesis bacteria seafloor hydrogen Microbiology QR1-502 Amy R. Smith Amy R. Smith Amy R. Smith Ryan Mueller Martin R. Fisk Frederick S. Colwell Ancient Metabolisms of a Thermophilic Subseafloor Bacterium
description	The ancient origins of metabolism may be rooted deep in oceanic crust, and these early metabolisms may have persisted in the habitable thermal anoxic aquifer where conditions remain similar to those when they first appeared. The Wood–Ljungdahl pathway for acetogenesis is a key early biosynthetic pathway with the potential to influence ocean chemistry and productivity, but its contemporary role in oceanic crust is not well established. Here, we describe the genome of a novel acetogen from a thermal suboceanic aquifer olivine biofilm in the basaltic crust of the Juan de Fuca Ridge (JdFR) whose genome suggests it may utilize an ancient chemosynthetic lifestyle. This organism encodes the genes for the complete canonical Wood–Ljungdahl pathway, but is potentially unable to use sulfate and certain organic carbon sources such as lipids and carbohydrates to supplement its energy requirements, unlike other known acetogens. Instead, this organism may use peptides and amino acids for energy or as organic carbon sources. Additionally, genes involved in surface adhesion, the import of metallic cations found in Fe-bearing minerals, and use of molecular hydrogen, a product of serpentinization reactions between water and olivine, are prevalent within the genome. These adaptations are likely a reflection of local environmental micro-niches, where cells are adapted to life in biofilms using ancient chemosynthetic metabolisms dependent on H2 and iron minerals. Since this organism is phylogenetically distinct from a related acetogenic group of Clostridiales, we propose it as a new species, Candidatus Acetocimmeria pyornia.
format	article
author	Amy R. Smith Amy R. Smith Amy R. Smith Ryan Mueller Martin R. Fisk Frederick S. Colwell
author_facet	Amy R. Smith Amy R. Smith Amy R. Smith Ryan Mueller Martin R. Fisk Frederick S. Colwell
author_sort	Amy R. Smith
title	Ancient Metabolisms of a Thermophilic Subseafloor Bacterium
title_short	Ancient Metabolisms of a Thermophilic Subseafloor Bacterium
title_full	Ancient Metabolisms of a Thermophilic Subseafloor Bacterium
title_fullStr	Ancient Metabolisms of a Thermophilic Subseafloor Bacterium
title_full_unstemmed	Ancient Metabolisms of a Thermophilic Subseafloor Bacterium
title_sort	ancient metabolisms of a thermophilic subseafloor bacterium
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2772db06f197400cb858e88eaaf8148d
work_keys_str_mv	AT amyrsmith ancientmetabolismsofathermophilicsubseafloorbacterium AT amyrsmith ancientmetabolismsofathermophilicsubseafloorbacterium AT amyrsmith ancientmetabolismsofathermophilicsubseafloorbacterium AT ryanmueller ancientmetabolismsofathermophilicsubseafloorbacterium AT martinrfisk ancientmetabolismsofathermophilicsubseafloorbacterium AT frederickscolwell ancientmetabolismsofathermophilicsubseafloorbacterium
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Ancient Metabolisms of a Thermophilic Subseafloor Bacterium

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