Re-examination of the APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive Factor Gene Family in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Indicates a Role in the Regulation of Starch Synthesis
The APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive factor (AP2/ERF) gene family is a large plant-specific transcription factor family, which plays important roles in regulating plant growth and development. A role in starch synthesis is among the multiple functions of this family of transcription factors. Barley (Hor...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:27b5f7f0e4aa4a179794aef69168de2f2021-12-02T00:33:56ZRe-examination of the APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive Factor Gene Family in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Indicates a Role in the Regulation of Starch Synthesis1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.791584https://doaj.org/article/27b5f7f0e4aa4a179794aef69168de2f2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.791584/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XThe APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive factor (AP2/ERF) gene family is a large plant-specific transcription factor family, which plays important roles in regulating plant growth and development. A role in starch synthesis is among the multiple functions of this family of transcription factors. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most important cereals for starch production. However, there are limited data on the contribution of AP2 transcription factors in barley. In this study, we used the recently published barley genome database (Morex) to identify 185 genes of the HvAP2/ERF family. Compared with previous work, we identified 64 new genes in the HvAP2/ERF gene family and corrected some previously misannotated and duplicated genes. After phylogenetic analysis, HvAP2/ERF genes were classified into four subfamilies and 18 subgroups. Expression profiling showed different patterns of spatial and temporal expression for HvAP2/ERF genes. Most of the 12 HvAP2/ERF genes analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction had similar expression patterns when compared with those of starch synthase genes in barley, except for HvAP2-18 and HvERF-73. HvAP2-18 is homologous to OsRSR1, which negatively regulates the synthesis of rice starch. Luciferase reporter gene, and yeast one-hybrid assays showed that HvAP2-18 bound the promoter of AGP-S and SBE1 in vitro. Thus, HvAP2-18 might be an interesting candidate gene to further explore the mechanisms involved in the regulation of starch synthesis in barley.Jinjin DingJinjin DingHassan KarimHassan KarimYulong LiYulong LiWendy HarwoodCarlos GuzmánNa LinQiang XuQiang XuYazhou ZhangYazhou ZhangHuaping TangHuaping TangYunfeng JiangYunfeng JiangPengfei QiPengfei QiMei DengMei DengJian MaJian MaJirui WangJirui WangGuoyue ChenGuoyue ChenXiujin LanXiujin LanYuming WeiYuming WeiYouliang ZhengYouliang ZhengQiantao JiangQiantao JiangFrontiers Media S.A.articlebarleyAPETALA2/Ethylene-Responsivetranscription factorsgene interactionstarch synthesisPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021) |
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barley APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive transcription factors gene interaction starch synthesis Plant culture SB1-1110 |
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barley APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive transcription factors gene interaction starch synthesis Plant culture SB1-1110 Jinjin Ding Jinjin Ding Hassan Karim Hassan Karim Yulong Li Yulong Li Wendy Harwood Carlos Guzmán Na Lin Qiang Xu Qiang Xu Yazhou Zhang Yazhou Zhang Huaping Tang Huaping Tang Yunfeng Jiang Yunfeng Jiang Pengfei Qi Pengfei Qi Mei Deng Mei Deng Jian Ma Jian Ma Jirui Wang Jirui Wang Guoyue Chen Guoyue Chen Xiujin Lan Xiujin Lan Yuming Wei Yuming Wei Youliang Zheng Youliang Zheng Qiantao Jiang Qiantao Jiang Re-examination of the APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive Factor Gene Family in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Indicates a Role in the Regulation of Starch Synthesis |
description |
The APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive factor (AP2/ERF) gene family is a large plant-specific transcription factor family, which plays important roles in regulating plant growth and development. A role in starch synthesis is among the multiple functions of this family of transcription factors. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most important cereals for starch production. However, there are limited data on the contribution of AP2 transcription factors in barley. In this study, we used the recently published barley genome database (Morex) to identify 185 genes of the HvAP2/ERF family. Compared with previous work, we identified 64 new genes in the HvAP2/ERF gene family and corrected some previously misannotated and duplicated genes. After phylogenetic analysis, HvAP2/ERF genes were classified into four subfamilies and 18 subgroups. Expression profiling showed different patterns of spatial and temporal expression for HvAP2/ERF genes. Most of the 12 HvAP2/ERF genes analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction had similar expression patterns when compared with those of starch synthase genes in barley, except for HvAP2-18 and HvERF-73. HvAP2-18 is homologous to OsRSR1, which negatively regulates the synthesis of rice starch. Luciferase reporter gene, and yeast one-hybrid assays showed that HvAP2-18 bound the promoter of AGP-S and SBE1 in vitro. Thus, HvAP2-18 might be an interesting candidate gene to further explore the mechanisms involved in the regulation of starch synthesis in barley. |
format |
article |
author |
Jinjin Ding Jinjin Ding Hassan Karim Hassan Karim Yulong Li Yulong Li Wendy Harwood Carlos Guzmán Na Lin Qiang Xu Qiang Xu Yazhou Zhang Yazhou Zhang Huaping Tang Huaping Tang Yunfeng Jiang Yunfeng Jiang Pengfei Qi Pengfei Qi Mei Deng Mei Deng Jian Ma Jian Ma Jirui Wang Jirui Wang Guoyue Chen Guoyue Chen Xiujin Lan Xiujin Lan Yuming Wei Yuming Wei Youliang Zheng Youliang Zheng Qiantao Jiang Qiantao Jiang |
author_facet |
Jinjin Ding Jinjin Ding Hassan Karim Hassan Karim Yulong Li Yulong Li Wendy Harwood Carlos Guzmán Na Lin Qiang Xu Qiang Xu Yazhou Zhang Yazhou Zhang Huaping Tang Huaping Tang Yunfeng Jiang Yunfeng Jiang Pengfei Qi Pengfei Qi Mei Deng Mei Deng Jian Ma Jian Ma Jirui Wang Jirui Wang Guoyue Chen Guoyue Chen Xiujin Lan Xiujin Lan Yuming Wei Yuming Wei Youliang Zheng Youliang Zheng Qiantao Jiang Qiantao Jiang |
author_sort |
Jinjin Ding |
title |
Re-examination of the APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive Factor Gene Family in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Indicates a Role in the Regulation of Starch Synthesis |
title_short |
Re-examination of the APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive Factor Gene Family in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Indicates a Role in the Regulation of Starch Synthesis |
title_full |
Re-examination of the APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive Factor Gene Family in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Indicates a Role in the Regulation of Starch Synthesis |
title_fullStr |
Re-examination of the APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive Factor Gene Family in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Indicates a Role in the Regulation of Starch Synthesis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Re-examination of the APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive Factor Gene Family in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Indicates a Role in the Regulation of Starch Synthesis |
title_sort |
re-examination of the apetala2/ethylene-responsive factor gene family in barley (hordeum vulgare l.) indicates a role in the regulation of starch synthesis |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/27b5f7f0e4aa4a179794aef69168de2f |
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