An integrated approach to understanding RF vacuum arcs

Abstract Although used in the design and costing of large projects such as linear colliders and fusion tokamaks, the theory of vacuum arcs and gradient limits is not well understood. Almost 120 years after the isolation of vacuum arcs, the exact mechanisms of the arcs and the damage they produce are...

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Autores principales:	J. Norem, Z. Insepov, A. Hassanein
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/27f108ed272d43afa58415d9f58baf2c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:27f108ed272d43afa58415d9f58baf2c2021-12-02T13:24:26ZAn integrated approach to understanding RF vacuum arcs10.1038/s41598-021-81947-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/27f108ed272d43afa58415d9f58baf2c2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81947-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Although used in the design and costing of large projects such as linear colliders and fusion tokamaks, the theory of vacuum arcs and gradient limits is not well understood. Almost 120 years after the isolation of vacuum arcs, the exact mechanisms of the arcs and the damage they produce are still being debated. We describe our simple and general model of the vacuum arc that can incorporate all active mechanisms and aims to explain all relevant data. Our four stage model, is based on experiments done at 805 MHz with a variety of cavity geometries, magnetic fields, and experimental techniques as well as data from Atom Probe Tomography and failure analysis of microelectronics. The model considers the trigger, plasma formation, plasma evolution and surface damage phases of the RF arc. This paper also examines how known mechanisms can explain the observed sharp field dependence, fast breakdown times and observed surface damage. We update the model and discuss new features while also pointing out where new data would be useful in extending the model to a wider range of frequencies.J. NoremZ. InsepovA. HassaneinNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q J. Norem Z. Insepov A. Hassanein An integrated approach to understanding RF vacuum arcs
description	Abstract Although used in the design and costing of large projects such as linear colliders and fusion tokamaks, the theory of vacuum arcs and gradient limits is not well understood. Almost 120 years after the isolation of vacuum arcs, the exact mechanisms of the arcs and the damage they produce are still being debated. We describe our simple and general model of the vacuum arc that can incorporate all active mechanisms and aims to explain all relevant data. Our four stage model, is based on experiments done at 805 MHz with a variety of cavity geometries, magnetic fields, and experimental techniques as well as data from Atom Probe Tomography and failure analysis of microelectronics. The model considers the trigger, plasma formation, plasma evolution and surface damage phases of the RF arc. This paper also examines how known mechanisms can explain the observed sharp field dependence, fast breakdown times and observed surface damage. We update the model and discuss new features while also pointing out where new data would be useful in extending the model to a wider range of frequencies.
format	article
author	J. Norem Z. Insepov A. Hassanein
author_facet	J. Norem Z. Insepov A. Hassanein
author_sort	J. Norem
title	An integrated approach to understanding RF vacuum arcs
title_short	An integrated approach to understanding RF vacuum arcs
title_full	An integrated approach to understanding RF vacuum arcs
title_fullStr	An integrated approach to understanding RF vacuum arcs
title_full_unstemmed	An integrated approach to understanding RF vacuum arcs
title_sort	integrated approach to understanding rf vacuum arcs
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/27f108ed272d43afa58415d9f58baf2c
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An integrated approach to understanding RF vacuum arcs

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