AP-2δ is a crucial transcriptional regulator of the posterior midbrain.

Ap-2 transcription factors comprise a family of 5 closely related sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that play pivotal and non-redundant roles in embryonic organogenesis. To investigate the function of Ap-2δ, wδe analyzed its expression during embryogenesis and generated Ap-2δ-deficient mice. In...

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Autores principales:	Katrin Hesse, Kristina Vaupel, Simone Kurt, Reinhard Buettner, Jutta Kirfel, Markus Moser
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/27fcdf15c2cf4c5db9262971dab71d3f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:27fcdf15c2cf4c5db9262971dab71d3f2021-11-18T06:48:23ZAP-2δ is a crucial transcriptional regulator of the posterior midbrain.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0023483https://doaj.org/article/27fcdf15c2cf4c5db9262971dab71d3f2011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21858141/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Ap-2 transcription factors comprise a family of 5 closely related sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that play pivotal and non-redundant roles in embryonic organogenesis. To investigate the function of Ap-2δ, wδe analyzed its expression during embryogenesis and generated Ap-2δ-deficient mice. In line with the specific expression pattern of Ap-2δ in the mesencephalic tectum and the dorsal midbrain, Ap-2δ-deficient mice failed to maintain the colliculus inferior, a derivative of the dorsal midbrain, as a consequence of increased apoptotic cell death. To identify specific Ap-2δ target genes in cells of the developing dorsal midbrain, we performed whole genome analysis of cDNA expression levels. This approach identified a set of 12 putative target genes being expressed in the developing midbrain, including the transcription factors Pitx2, Mef2c, Bhlhb4 and Pou4f3. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) we showed that some of these genes are direct targets of Ap-2δ. Consistently, we demonstrate that Ap-2δ occupies and activates the Pou4f3 and Bhlhb4 promoters. In addition, known Pou4f3 target genes were downregulated in the posterior midbrain of Ap-2δ-deficient mice. Despite the absence of a central part of the auditory pathway, the presence of neuronal responses to sounds in the neocortex of Ap-2δ-deficient mice indicates that auditory information from the brainstem still reaches the neocortex. In summary, our data define Ap-2δ as an important transcription factor, specifying gene expression patterns required for the development of the posterior midbrain.Katrin HesseKristina VaupelSimone KurtReinhard BuettnerJutta KirfelMarkus MoserPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 8, p e23483 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Katrin Hesse Kristina Vaupel Simone Kurt Reinhard Buettner Jutta Kirfel Markus Moser AP-2δ is a crucial transcriptional regulator of the posterior midbrain.
description	Ap-2 transcription factors comprise a family of 5 closely related sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that play pivotal and non-redundant roles in embryonic organogenesis. To investigate the function of Ap-2δ, wδe analyzed its expression during embryogenesis and generated Ap-2δ-deficient mice. In line with the specific expression pattern of Ap-2δ in the mesencephalic tectum and the dorsal midbrain, Ap-2δ-deficient mice failed to maintain the colliculus inferior, a derivative of the dorsal midbrain, as a consequence of increased apoptotic cell death. To identify specific Ap-2δ target genes in cells of the developing dorsal midbrain, we performed whole genome analysis of cDNA expression levels. This approach identified a set of 12 putative target genes being expressed in the developing midbrain, including the transcription factors Pitx2, Mef2c, Bhlhb4 and Pou4f3. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) we showed that some of these genes are direct targets of Ap-2δ. Consistently, we demonstrate that Ap-2δ occupies and activates the Pou4f3 and Bhlhb4 promoters. In addition, known Pou4f3 target genes were downregulated in the posterior midbrain of Ap-2δ-deficient mice. Despite the absence of a central part of the auditory pathway, the presence of neuronal responses to sounds in the neocortex of Ap-2δ-deficient mice indicates that auditory information from the brainstem still reaches the neocortex. In summary, our data define Ap-2δ as an important transcription factor, specifying gene expression patterns required for the development of the posterior midbrain.
format	article
author	Katrin Hesse Kristina Vaupel Simone Kurt Reinhard Buettner Jutta Kirfel Markus Moser
author_facet	Katrin Hesse Kristina Vaupel Simone Kurt Reinhard Buettner Jutta Kirfel Markus Moser
author_sort	Katrin Hesse
title	AP-2δ is a crucial transcriptional regulator of the posterior midbrain.
title_short	AP-2δ is a crucial transcriptional regulator of the posterior midbrain.
title_full	AP-2δ is a crucial transcriptional regulator of the posterior midbrain.
title_fullStr	AP-2δ is a crucial transcriptional regulator of the posterior midbrain.
title_full_unstemmed	AP-2δ is a crucial transcriptional regulator of the posterior midbrain.
title_sort	ap-2δ is a crucial transcriptional regulator of the posterior midbrain.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/27fcdf15c2cf4c5db9262971dab71d3f
work_keys_str_mv	AT katrinhesse ap2disacrucialtranscriptionalregulatoroftheposteriormidbrain AT kristinavaupel ap2disacrucialtranscriptionalregulatoroftheposteriormidbrain AT simonekurt ap2disacrucialtranscriptionalregulatoroftheposteriormidbrain AT reinhardbuettner ap2disacrucialtranscriptionalregulatoroftheposteriormidbrain AT juttakirfel ap2disacrucialtranscriptionalregulatoroftheposteriormidbrain AT markusmoser ap2disacrucialtranscriptionalregulatoroftheposteriormidbrain
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AP-2δ is a crucial transcriptional regulator of the posterior midbrain.

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