Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Alters Root System Architecture in Camellia sinensis L. as Revealed by RNA-Seq Analysis

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), forming symbiosis with most terrestrial plants, strongly modulates root system architecture (RSA), which is the main characteristic of root in soil, to improve plant growth and development. So far, the studies of AMF on tea plant seedlings are few and the relevan...

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Autores principales:	Weili Chen, Tao Ye, Qinyu Sun, Tingting Niu, Jiaxia Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus tea plant root branching phytohormones phosphorus sugar Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2832149d8ce448b19d4ab5e10504c126
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2832149d8ce448b19d4ab5e10504c1262021-11-12T07:01:31ZArbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Alters Root System Architecture in Camellia sinensis L. as Revealed by RNA-Seq Analysis1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.777357https://doaj.org/article/2832149d8ce448b19d4ab5e10504c1262021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.777357/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XArbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), forming symbiosis with most terrestrial plants, strongly modulates root system architecture (RSA), which is the main characteristic of root in soil, to improve plant growth and development. So far, the studies of AMF on tea plant seedlings are few and the relevant molecular mechanism is not deciphered. In this study, the 6-month-old cutting seedlings of tea plant cultivar “Wancha No.4” were inoculated with an AMF isolate, Rhizophagus intraradices BGC JX04B and harvested after 6 months of growth. The indexes of RSA and sugar contents in root were determined. The transcriptome data in root tips of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal cutting seedlings were obtained by RNA-sequence (Seq) analysis. The results showed that AMF significantly decreased plant growth, but increased the sucrose content in root and the higher classes of lateral root (LR) formation (third and fourth LR). We identified 2047 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on the transcriptome data, and DEGs involved in metabolisms of phosphorus (42 DEGs), sugar (39), lipid (67), and plant hormones (39) were excavated out. Variation partitioning analysis showed all these four categories modulated the RSA. In phosphorus (P) metabolism, the phosphate transport and release (DEGs related to purple acid phosphatase) were promoted by AMF inoculation, while DEGs of sugar transport protein in sugar metabolism were downregulated. Lipid metabolism might not be responsible for root branching but for AMF propagation. With respect to phytohormones, DEGs of auxin (13), ethylene (14), and abscisic acid (5) were extensively affected by AMF inoculation, especially for auxin and ethylene. The further partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis indicated that pathways of P metabolism and auxin, as well as the direct way of AMF inoculation, were of the most important in AMF promoting root branching, while ethylene performed a negative role. Overall, our data revealed the alterations of genome-wide gene expression in tea plant roots after inoculation with AMF and provided a molecular basis for the regulatory mechanism of RSA (mainly root branching) changes induced by AMF.Weili ChenTao YeQinyu SunTingting NiuJiaxia ZhangFrontiers Media S.A.articlearbuscular mycorrhizal fungustea plantroot branchingphytohormonesphosphorussugarPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus tea plant root branching phytohormones phosphorus sugar Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus tea plant root branching phytohormones phosphorus sugar Plant culture SB1-1110 Weili Chen Tao Ye Qinyu Sun Tingting Niu Jiaxia Zhang Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Alters Root System Architecture in Camellia sinensis L. as Revealed by RNA-Seq Analysis
description	Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), forming symbiosis with most terrestrial plants, strongly modulates root system architecture (RSA), which is the main characteristic of root in soil, to improve plant growth and development. So far, the studies of AMF on tea plant seedlings are few and the relevant molecular mechanism is not deciphered. In this study, the 6-month-old cutting seedlings of tea plant cultivar “Wancha No.4” were inoculated with an AMF isolate, Rhizophagus intraradices BGC JX04B and harvested after 6 months of growth. The indexes of RSA and sugar contents in root were determined. The transcriptome data in root tips of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal cutting seedlings were obtained by RNA-sequence (Seq) analysis. The results showed that AMF significantly decreased plant growth, but increased the sucrose content in root and the higher classes of lateral root (LR) formation (third and fourth LR). We identified 2047 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on the transcriptome data, and DEGs involved in metabolisms of phosphorus (42 DEGs), sugar (39), lipid (67), and plant hormones (39) were excavated out. Variation partitioning analysis showed all these four categories modulated the RSA. In phosphorus (P) metabolism, the phosphate transport and release (DEGs related to purple acid phosphatase) were promoted by AMF inoculation, while DEGs of sugar transport protein in sugar metabolism were downregulated. Lipid metabolism might not be responsible for root branching but for AMF propagation. With respect to phytohormones, DEGs of auxin (13), ethylene (14), and abscisic acid (5) were extensively affected by AMF inoculation, especially for auxin and ethylene. The further partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis indicated that pathways of P metabolism and auxin, as well as the direct way of AMF inoculation, were of the most important in AMF promoting root branching, while ethylene performed a negative role. Overall, our data revealed the alterations of genome-wide gene expression in tea plant roots after inoculation with AMF and provided a molecular basis for the regulatory mechanism of RSA (mainly root branching) changes induced by AMF.
format	article
author	Weili Chen Tao Ye Qinyu Sun Tingting Niu Jiaxia Zhang
author_facet	Weili Chen Tao Ye Qinyu Sun Tingting Niu Jiaxia Zhang
author_sort	Weili Chen
title	Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Alters Root System Architecture in Camellia sinensis L. as Revealed by RNA-Seq Analysis
title_short	Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Alters Root System Architecture in Camellia sinensis L. as Revealed by RNA-Seq Analysis
title_full	Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Alters Root System Architecture in Camellia sinensis L. as Revealed by RNA-Seq Analysis
title_fullStr	Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Alters Root System Architecture in Camellia sinensis L. as Revealed by RNA-Seq Analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Alters Root System Architecture in Camellia sinensis L. as Revealed by RNA-Seq Analysis
title_sort	arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus alters root system architecture in camellia sinensis l. as revealed by rna-seq analysis
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2832149d8ce448b19d4ab5e10504c126
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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Alters Root System Architecture in Camellia sinensis L. as Revealed by RNA-Seq Analysis

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