Nucleotide-decorated AuNPs as probes for nucleotide-binding proteins

Abstract Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) decorated with biologically relevant molecules have variety of applications in optical sensing of bioanalytes. Coating AuNPs with small nucleotides produces particles with high stability in water, but functionality-compatible strategies are needed to uncover the f...

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Autores principales:	Olga Perzanowska, Maciej Majewski, Malwina Strenkowska, Paulina Głowala, Mariusz Czarnocki-Cieciura, Maciej Mazur, Joanna Kowalska, Jacek Jemielity
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/286d0e6347724af1a495387a20c2c837
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:286d0e6347724af1a495387a20c2c8372021-12-02T18:49:23ZNucleotide-decorated AuNPs as probes for nucleotide-binding proteins10.1038/s41598-021-94983-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/286d0e6347724af1a495387a20c2c8372021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94983-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) decorated with biologically relevant molecules have variety of applications in optical sensing of bioanalytes. Coating AuNPs with small nucleotides produces particles with high stability in water, but functionality-compatible strategies are needed to uncover the full potential of this type of conjugates. Here, we demonstrate that lipoic acid-modified dinucleotides can be used to modify AuNPs surfaces in a controllable manner to produce conjugates that are stable in aqueous buffers and biological mixtures and capable of interacting with nucleotide-binding proteins. Using this strategy we obtained AuNPs decorated with 7-methylguanosine mRNA 5’ cap analogs and showed that they bind cap-specific protein, eIF4E. AuNPs decorated with non-functional dinucleotides also interacted with eIF4E, albeit with lower affinity, suggesting that eIF4E binding to cap-decorated AuNPs is partially mediated by unspecific ionic interactions. This issue was overcome by applying lipoic-acid-Tris conjugate as a charge-neutral diluting molecule. Tris-Lipo-diluted cap-AuNPs conjugates interacted with eIF4E in fully specific manner, enabling design of functional tools. To demonstrate the potential of these conjugates in protein sensing, we designed a two-component eIF4E sensing system consisting of cap-AuNP and 4E-BP1-AuNP conjugates, wherein 4E-BP1 is a short peptide derived from 4E-BP protein that specifically binds eIF4E at a site different to that of the 5’ cap. This system facilitated controlled aggregation, in which eIF4E plays the role of the agent that crosslinks two types of AuNP, thereby inducing a naked-eye visible absorbance redshift. The reported AuNPs-nucleotide conjugation method based on lipoic acid affinity for gold, can be harnessed to obtain other types of nucleotide-functionalized AuNPs, thereby paving the way to studying other nucleotide-binding proteins.Olga PerzanowskaMaciej MajewskiMalwina StrenkowskaPaulina GłowalaMariusz Czarnocki-CieciuraMaciej MazurJoanna KowalskaJacek JemielityNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Olga Perzanowska Maciej Majewski Malwina Strenkowska Paulina Głowala Mariusz Czarnocki-Cieciura Maciej Mazur Joanna Kowalska Jacek Jemielity Nucleotide-decorated AuNPs as probes for nucleotide-binding proteins
description	Abstract Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) decorated with biologically relevant molecules have variety of applications in optical sensing of bioanalytes. Coating AuNPs with small nucleotides produces particles with high stability in water, but functionality-compatible strategies are needed to uncover the full potential of this type of conjugates. Here, we demonstrate that lipoic acid-modified dinucleotides can be used to modify AuNPs surfaces in a controllable manner to produce conjugates that are stable in aqueous buffers and biological mixtures and capable of interacting with nucleotide-binding proteins. Using this strategy we obtained AuNPs decorated with 7-methylguanosine mRNA 5’ cap analogs and showed that they bind cap-specific protein, eIF4E. AuNPs decorated with non-functional dinucleotides also interacted with eIF4E, albeit with lower affinity, suggesting that eIF4E binding to cap-decorated AuNPs is partially mediated by unspecific ionic interactions. This issue was overcome by applying lipoic-acid-Tris conjugate as a charge-neutral diluting molecule. Tris-Lipo-diluted cap-AuNPs conjugates interacted with eIF4E in fully specific manner, enabling design of functional tools. To demonstrate the potential of these conjugates in protein sensing, we designed a two-component eIF4E sensing system consisting of cap-AuNP and 4E-BP1-AuNP conjugates, wherein 4E-BP1 is a short peptide derived from 4E-BP protein that specifically binds eIF4E at a site different to that of the 5’ cap. This system facilitated controlled aggregation, in which eIF4E plays the role of the agent that crosslinks two types of AuNP, thereby inducing a naked-eye visible absorbance redshift. The reported AuNPs-nucleotide conjugation method based on lipoic acid affinity for gold, can be harnessed to obtain other types of nucleotide-functionalized AuNPs, thereby paving the way to studying other nucleotide-binding proteins.
format	article
author	Olga Perzanowska Maciej Majewski Malwina Strenkowska Paulina Głowala Mariusz Czarnocki-Cieciura Maciej Mazur Joanna Kowalska Jacek Jemielity
author_facet	Olga Perzanowska Maciej Majewski Malwina Strenkowska Paulina Głowala Mariusz Czarnocki-Cieciura Maciej Mazur Joanna Kowalska Jacek Jemielity
author_sort	Olga Perzanowska
title	Nucleotide-decorated AuNPs as probes for nucleotide-binding proteins
title_short	Nucleotide-decorated AuNPs as probes for nucleotide-binding proteins
title_full	Nucleotide-decorated AuNPs as probes for nucleotide-binding proteins
title_fullStr	Nucleotide-decorated AuNPs as probes for nucleotide-binding proteins
title_full_unstemmed	Nucleotide-decorated AuNPs as probes for nucleotide-binding proteins
title_sort	nucleotide-decorated aunps as probes for nucleotide-binding proteins
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/286d0e6347724af1a495387a20c2c837
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Nucleotide-decorated AuNPs as probes for nucleotide-binding proteins

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