Physico-chemical and bacteriological characterisation of surface water in Bamenda (North West Cameroon)

Abstract The Mezam River and its tributaries constitute a prominent water source for domestic use and vegetable irrigation in Bamenda Town (North West Cameroon). The river flows through the city and is thus vulnerable to impairment by substances from point and non-point sources. This current researc...

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Autores principales:	Alice Magha Mufur, Margaret Tita Awah, Gus Djibril Kouankap Nono, Primus Azinwi Tamfuh, Pierre Wotchoko, Kamgang Kabeyene Véronique Beyala
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SpringerOpen 2021
Materias:	Mezam River water Physico-chemical Bacteriological analysis Pollution Bamenda Town Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2897607859ee4e67b7ea1e9c2955016b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2897607859ee4e67b7ea1e9c2955016b2021-11-07T12:22:31ZPhysico-chemical and bacteriological characterisation of surface water in Bamenda (North West Cameroon)10.1007/s13201-021-01512-32190-54872190-5495https://doaj.org/article/2897607859ee4e67b7ea1e9c2955016b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01512-3https://doaj.org/toc/2190-5487https://doaj.org/toc/2190-5495Abstract The Mezam River and its tributaries constitute a prominent water source for domestic use and vegetable irrigation in Bamenda Town (North West Cameroon). The river flows through the city and is thus vulnerable to impairment by substances from point and non-point sources. This current research aims to assess the degree of pollution of the Mezam River water to ascertain its suitability for various uses. A total of 24 water samples were collected from six segments of the Mezam River basin in the dry and rainy seasons during the years 2015 and 2016 in view of physico-chemical and bacteriological analyses. In situ measurement of physical parameters was taken in the field. The data were analysed by multivariate statistical techniques (principal component analysis and factor analysis). The results revealed that the river water is slightly acidic (pH = 5.45–6.47) and ion concentration is low (41.67–237.00 µS/cm). The water type is Ca-SO4 and Ca-Mg-(Cl + NO3) in the dry season and Ca-Mg-SO4 in the rainy season. High NO3 − values (50 mg/l) are recorded at Nkimefueh. The Mezam River water is heavily polluted with indicator bacteria (0–500 CFU/100 ml) whose concentrations steadily increase from the reference point (YB) through sampling points in the city centre, suggesting the influence of human-induced activities. The population is urged to adopt a responsible behaviour towards waste disposal and refrain from disposing waste in water courses in order to safeguard the aquatic environment and also protect the health of the population.Alice Magha MufurMargaret Tita AwahGus Djibril Kouankap NonoPrimus Azinwi TamfuhPierre WotchokoKamgang Kabeyene Véronique BeyalaSpringerOpenarticleMezam River waterPhysico-chemicalBacteriological analysisPollutionBamenda TownWater supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENApplied Water Science, Vol 11, Iss 12, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Mezam River water Physico-chemical Bacteriological analysis Pollution Bamenda Town Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	Mezam River water Physico-chemical Bacteriological analysis Pollution Bamenda Town Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Alice Magha Mufur Margaret Tita Awah Gus Djibril Kouankap Nono Primus Azinwi Tamfuh Pierre Wotchoko Kamgang Kabeyene Véronique Beyala Physico-chemical and bacteriological characterisation of surface water in Bamenda (North West Cameroon)
description	Abstract The Mezam River and its tributaries constitute a prominent water source for domestic use and vegetable irrigation in Bamenda Town (North West Cameroon). The river flows through the city and is thus vulnerable to impairment by substances from point and non-point sources. This current research aims to assess the degree of pollution of the Mezam River water to ascertain its suitability for various uses. A total of 24 water samples were collected from six segments of the Mezam River basin in the dry and rainy seasons during the years 2015 and 2016 in view of physico-chemical and bacteriological analyses. In situ measurement of physical parameters was taken in the field. The data were analysed by multivariate statistical techniques (principal component analysis and factor analysis). The results revealed that the river water is slightly acidic (pH = 5.45–6.47) and ion concentration is low (41.67–237.00 µS/cm). The water type is Ca-SO4 and Ca-Mg-(Cl + NO3) in the dry season and Ca-Mg-SO4 in the rainy season. High NO3 − values (50 mg/l) are recorded at Nkimefueh. The Mezam River water is heavily polluted with indicator bacteria (0–500 CFU/100 ml) whose concentrations steadily increase from the reference point (YB) through sampling points in the city centre, suggesting the influence of human-induced activities. The population is urged to adopt a responsible behaviour towards waste disposal and refrain from disposing waste in water courses in order to safeguard the aquatic environment and also protect the health of the population.
format	article
author	Alice Magha Mufur Margaret Tita Awah Gus Djibril Kouankap Nono Primus Azinwi Tamfuh Pierre Wotchoko Kamgang Kabeyene Véronique Beyala
author_facet	Alice Magha Mufur Margaret Tita Awah Gus Djibril Kouankap Nono Primus Azinwi Tamfuh Pierre Wotchoko Kamgang Kabeyene Véronique Beyala
author_sort	Alice Magha Mufur
title	Physico-chemical and bacteriological characterisation of surface water in Bamenda (North West Cameroon)
title_short	Physico-chemical and bacteriological characterisation of surface water in Bamenda (North West Cameroon)
title_full	Physico-chemical and bacteriological characterisation of surface water in Bamenda (North West Cameroon)
title_fullStr	Physico-chemical and bacteriological characterisation of surface water in Bamenda (North West Cameroon)
title_full_unstemmed	Physico-chemical and bacteriological characterisation of surface water in Bamenda (North West Cameroon)
title_sort	physico-chemical and bacteriological characterisation of surface water in bamenda (north west cameroon)
publisher	SpringerOpen
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2897607859ee4e67b7ea1e9c2955016b
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Physico-chemical and bacteriological characterisation of surface water in Bamenda (North West Cameroon)

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