Age of the association between Helicobacter pylori and man.

When modern humans left Africa ca. 60,000 years ago (60 kya), they were already infected with Helicobacter pylori, and these bacteria have subsequently diversified in parallel with their human hosts. But how long were humans infected by H. pylori prior to the out-of-Africa event? Did this co-evoluti...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Yoshan Moodley, Bodo Linz, Robert P Bond, Martin Nieuwoudt, Himla Soodyall, Carina M Schlebusch, Steffi Bernhöft, James Hale, Sebastian Suerbaum, Lawrence Mugisha, Schalk W van der Merwe, Mark Achtman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/28ba13323dbc4daab025a45d71e6c3c9
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:28ba13323dbc4daab025a45d71e6c3c9
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:28ba13323dbc4daab025a45d71e6c3c92021-11-18T06:04:27ZAge of the association between Helicobacter pylori and man.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1002693https://doaj.org/article/28ba13323dbc4daab025a45d71e6c3c92012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22589724/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374When modern humans left Africa ca. 60,000 years ago (60 kya), they were already infected with Helicobacter pylori, and these bacteria have subsequently diversified in parallel with their human hosts. But how long were humans infected by H. pylori prior to the out-of-Africa event? Did this co-evolution predate the emergence of modern humans, spanning the species divide? To answer these questions, we investigated the diversity of H. pylori in Africa, where both humans and H. pylori originated. Three distinct H. pylori populations are native to Africa: hpNEAfrica in Afro-Asiatic and Nilo-Saharan speakers, hpAfrica1 in Niger-Congo speakers and hpAfrica2 in South Africa. Rather than representing a sustained co-evolution over millions of years, we find that the coalescent for all H. pylori plus its closest relative H. acinonychis dates to 88-116 kya. At that time the phylogeny split into two primary super-lineages, one of which is associated with the former hunter-gatherers in southern Africa known as the San. H. acinonychis, which infects large felines, resulted from a later host jump from the San, 43-56 kya. These dating estimates, together with striking phylogenetic and quantitative human-bacterial similarities show that H. pylori is approximately as old as are anatomically modern humans. They also suggest that H. pylori may have been acquired via a single host jump from an unknown, non-human host. We also find evidence for a second Out of Africa migration in the last 52,000 years, because hpEurope is a hybrid population between hpAsia2 and hpNEAfrica, the latter of which arose in northeast Africa 36-52 kya, after the Out of Africa migrations around 60 kya.Yoshan MoodleyBodo LinzRobert P BondMartin NieuwoudtHimla SoodyallCarina M SchlebuschSteffi BernhöftJames HaleSebastian SuerbaumLawrence MugishaSchalk W van der MerweMark AchtmanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 8, Iss 5, p e1002693 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Yoshan Moodley Bodo Linz Robert P Bond Martin Nieuwoudt Himla Soodyall Carina M Schlebusch Steffi Bernhöft James Hale Sebastian Suerbaum Lawrence Mugisha Schalk W van der Merwe Mark Achtman Age of the association between Helicobacter pylori and man.
description	When modern humans left Africa ca. 60,000 years ago (60 kya), they were already infected with Helicobacter pylori, and these bacteria have subsequently diversified in parallel with their human hosts. But how long were humans infected by H. pylori prior to the out-of-Africa event? Did this co-evolution predate the emergence of modern humans, spanning the species divide? To answer these questions, we investigated the diversity of H. pylori in Africa, where both humans and H. pylori originated. Three distinct H. pylori populations are native to Africa: hpNEAfrica in Afro-Asiatic and Nilo-Saharan speakers, hpAfrica1 in Niger-Congo speakers and hpAfrica2 in South Africa. Rather than representing a sustained co-evolution over millions of years, we find that the coalescent for all H. pylori plus its closest relative H. acinonychis dates to 88-116 kya. At that time the phylogeny split into two primary super-lineages, one of which is associated with the former hunter-gatherers in southern Africa known as the San. H. acinonychis, which infects large felines, resulted from a later host jump from the San, 43-56 kya. These dating estimates, together with striking phylogenetic and quantitative human-bacterial similarities show that H. pylori is approximately as old as are anatomically modern humans. They also suggest that H. pylori may have been acquired via a single host jump from an unknown, non-human host. We also find evidence for a second Out of Africa migration in the last 52,000 years, because hpEurope is a hybrid population between hpAsia2 and hpNEAfrica, the latter of which arose in northeast Africa 36-52 kya, after the Out of Africa migrations around 60 kya.
format	article
author	Yoshan Moodley Bodo Linz Robert P Bond Martin Nieuwoudt Himla Soodyall Carina M Schlebusch Steffi Bernhöft James Hale Sebastian Suerbaum Lawrence Mugisha Schalk W van der Merwe Mark Achtman
author_facet	Yoshan Moodley Bodo Linz Robert P Bond Martin Nieuwoudt Himla Soodyall Carina M Schlebusch Steffi Bernhöft James Hale Sebastian Suerbaum Lawrence Mugisha Schalk W van der Merwe Mark Achtman
author_sort	Yoshan Moodley
title	Age of the association between Helicobacter pylori and man.
title_short	Age of the association between Helicobacter pylori and man.
title_full	Age of the association between Helicobacter pylori and man.
title_fullStr	Age of the association between Helicobacter pylori and man.
title_full_unstemmed	Age of the association between Helicobacter pylori and man.
title_sort	age of the association between helicobacter pylori and man.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/28ba13323dbc4daab025a45d71e6c3c9
work_keys_str_mv	AT yoshanmoodley ageoftheassociationbetweenhelicobacterpyloriandman AT bodolinz ageoftheassociationbetweenhelicobacterpyloriandman AT robertpbond ageoftheassociationbetweenhelicobacterpyloriandman AT martinnieuwoudt ageoftheassociationbetweenhelicobacterpyloriandman AT himlasoodyall ageoftheassociationbetweenhelicobacterpyloriandman AT carinamschlebusch ageoftheassociationbetweenhelicobacterpyloriandman AT steffibernhoft ageoftheassociationbetweenhelicobacterpyloriandman AT jameshale ageoftheassociationbetweenhelicobacterpyloriandman AT sebastiansuerbaum ageoftheassociationbetweenhelicobacterpyloriandman AT lawrencemugisha ageoftheassociationbetweenhelicobacterpyloriandman AT schalkwvandermerwe ageoftheassociationbetweenhelicobacterpyloriandman AT markachtman ageoftheassociationbetweenhelicobacterpyloriandman
_version_	1718424590758182912

Age of the association between Helicobacter pylori and man.

Ejemplares similares