Bloodstream infections with rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSI) with rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) resulted in recent nosocomial outbreaks predominantly in immunocompromised patients. A little is known about the clinical implications of RGM BSI with different species. Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective...

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Autores principales:	Isin Yagmur Comba, Hussam Tabaja, Natalia E. Castillo Almeida, Madiha Fida, Omar Abu Saleh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria Bloodstream infection Mycobacterium abscessus complex Diseases of the respiratory system RC705-779 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/28bbb27d350643faa5b5c66c33059b89
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:28bbb27d350643faa5b5c66c33059b892021-11-22T04:27:25ZBloodstream infections with rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria2405-579410.1016/j.jctube.2021.100288https://doaj.org/article/28bbb27d350643faa5b5c66c33059b892021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579421000772https://doaj.org/toc/2405-5794Background: Bloodstream infections (BSI) with rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) resulted in recent nosocomial outbreaks predominantly in immunocompromised patients. A little is known about the clinical implications of RGM BSI with different species. Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients with RGM BSI from November 2011 to December 2020. Demographic data, clinical presentation, laboratory and radiographic findings and microbiological characteristics were used to tabulate descriptive statistics. We performed a comparative analysis of patients with BSI due to Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) vs. other RGM. Results: We identified 32 patients with positive blood cultures for RGM, 4/32 (12.5%) were considered to have unclear significance. The most common source for RGM BSI was intravascular catheters (14/28, 50%). Compared to other sources, patients with catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) received a shorter course of antimicrobial therapy (median [IQR]: one month [0.37–2.25] vs. six months [2–12]), (P = 0.01). The most common species isolated were MABC (12/28, 42.9%), followed by Mycobacterium fortuitum group (6/28, 21.4%) and Mycobacterium chelonae (6/28, 21.4%). Compared to other RGM, MABC BSI was more likely to be secondary to skin and soft tissue infection, associated with longer hospital stay (P = 0.04) and higher death rates despite a higher number of antimicrobial agents used for empirical and directed therapy per patient. Conclusion: MABC BSI is associated with an overall more resistant profile, longer hospital stay, and higher death rate despite a more aggressive therapy approach.Isin Yagmur CombaHussam TabajaNatalia E. Castillo AlmeidaMadiha FidaOmar Abu SalehElsevierarticleRapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteriaBloodstream infectionMycobacterium abscessus complexDiseases of the respiratory systemRC705-779Infectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENJournal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Vol 25, Iss , Pp 100288- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria Bloodstream infection Mycobacterium abscessus complex Diseases of the respiratory system RC705-779 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	Rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria Bloodstream infection Mycobacterium abscessus complex Diseases of the respiratory system RC705-779 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Isin Yagmur Comba Hussam Tabaja Natalia E. Castillo Almeida Madiha Fida Omar Abu Saleh Bloodstream infections with rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria
description	Background: Bloodstream infections (BSI) with rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) resulted in recent nosocomial outbreaks predominantly in immunocompromised patients. A little is known about the clinical implications of RGM BSI with different species. Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients with RGM BSI from November 2011 to December 2020. Demographic data, clinical presentation, laboratory and radiographic findings and microbiological characteristics were used to tabulate descriptive statistics. We performed a comparative analysis of patients with BSI due to Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) vs. other RGM. Results: We identified 32 patients with positive blood cultures for RGM, 4/32 (12.5%) were considered to have unclear significance. The most common source for RGM BSI was intravascular catheters (14/28, 50%). Compared to other sources, patients with catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) received a shorter course of antimicrobial therapy (median [IQR]: one month [0.37–2.25] vs. six months [2–12]), (P = 0.01). The most common species isolated were MABC (12/28, 42.9%), followed by Mycobacterium fortuitum group (6/28, 21.4%) and Mycobacterium chelonae (6/28, 21.4%). Compared to other RGM, MABC BSI was more likely to be secondary to skin and soft tissue infection, associated with longer hospital stay (P = 0.04) and higher death rates despite a higher number of antimicrobial agents used for empirical and directed therapy per patient. Conclusion: MABC BSI is associated with an overall more resistant profile, longer hospital stay, and higher death rate despite a more aggressive therapy approach.
format	article
author	Isin Yagmur Comba Hussam Tabaja Natalia E. Castillo Almeida Madiha Fida Omar Abu Saleh
author_facet	Isin Yagmur Comba Hussam Tabaja Natalia E. Castillo Almeida Madiha Fida Omar Abu Saleh
author_sort	Isin Yagmur Comba
title	Bloodstream infections with rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria
title_short	Bloodstream infections with rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria
title_full	Bloodstream infections with rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria
title_fullStr	Bloodstream infections with rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria
title_full_unstemmed	Bloodstream infections with rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria
title_sort	bloodstream infections with rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/28bbb27d350643faa5b5c66c33059b89
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Bloodstream infections with rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria

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