Mirror-induced behavior in the magpie (Pica pica): evidence of self-recognition.

Comparative studies suggest that at least some bird species have evolved mental skills similar to those found in humans and apes. This is indicated by feats such as tool use, episodic-like memory, and the ability to use one's own experience in predicting the behavior of conspecifics. It is, how...

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Auteurs principaux:	Helmut Prior, Ariane Schwarz, Onur Güntürkün
Format:	article
Langue:	EN
Publié:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2008
Sujets:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Accès en ligne:	https://doaj.org/article/28e1ceaf059e42dda8e57ff744b86848
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:28e1ceaf059e42dda8e57ff744b86848
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:28e1ceaf059e42dda8e57ff744b868482021-11-25T05:33:59ZMirror-induced behavior in the magpie (Pica pica): evidence of self-recognition.1544-91731545-788510.1371/journal.pbio.0060202https://doaj.org/article/28e1ceaf059e42dda8e57ff744b868482008-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/18715117/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885Comparative studies suggest that at least some bird species have evolved mental skills similar to those found in humans and apes. This is indicated by feats such as tool use, episodic-like memory, and the ability to use one's own experience in predicting the behavior of conspecifics. It is, however, not yet clear whether these skills are accompanied by an understanding of the self. In apes, self-directed behavior in response to a mirror has been taken as evidence of self-recognition. We investigated mirror-induced behavior in the magpie, a songbird species from the crow family. As in apes, some individuals behaved in front of the mirror as if they were testing behavioral contingencies. When provided with a mark, magpies showed spontaneous mark-directed behavior. Our findings provide the first evidence of mirror self-recognition in a non-mammalian species. They suggest that essential components of human self-recognition have evolved independently in different vertebrate classes with a separate evolutionary history.Helmut PriorAriane SchwarzOnur GüntürkünPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 6, Iss 8, p e202 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Helmut Prior Ariane Schwarz Onur Güntürkün Mirror-induced behavior in the magpie (Pica pica): evidence of self-recognition.
description	Comparative studies suggest that at least some bird species have evolved mental skills similar to those found in humans and apes. This is indicated by feats such as tool use, episodic-like memory, and the ability to use one's own experience in predicting the behavior of conspecifics. It is, however, not yet clear whether these skills are accompanied by an understanding of the self. In apes, self-directed behavior in response to a mirror has been taken as evidence of self-recognition. We investigated mirror-induced behavior in the magpie, a songbird species from the crow family. As in apes, some individuals behaved in front of the mirror as if they were testing behavioral contingencies. When provided with a mark, magpies showed spontaneous mark-directed behavior. Our findings provide the first evidence of mirror self-recognition in a non-mammalian species. They suggest that essential components of human self-recognition have evolved independently in different vertebrate classes with a separate evolutionary history.
format	article
author	Helmut Prior Ariane Schwarz Onur Güntürkün
author_facet	Helmut Prior Ariane Schwarz Onur Güntürkün
author_sort	Helmut Prior
title	Mirror-induced behavior in the magpie (Pica pica): evidence of self-recognition.
title_short	Mirror-induced behavior in the magpie (Pica pica): evidence of self-recognition.
title_full	Mirror-induced behavior in the magpie (Pica pica): evidence of self-recognition.
title_fullStr	Mirror-induced behavior in the magpie (Pica pica): evidence of self-recognition.
title_full_unstemmed	Mirror-induced behavior in the magpie (Pica pica): evidence of self-recognition.
title_sort	mirror-induced behavior in the magpie (pica pica): evidence of self-recognition.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/28e1ceaf059e42dda8e57ff744b86848
work_keys_str_mv	AT helmutprior mirrorinducedbehaviorinthemagpiepicapicaevidenceofselfrecognition AT arianeschwarz mirrorinducedbehaviorinthemagpiepicapicaevidenceofselfrecognition AT onurgunturkun mirrorinducedbehaviorinthemagpiepicapicaevidenceofselfrecognition
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Mirror-induced behavior in the magpie (Pica pica): evidence of self-recognition.

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