Chromosomal Rearrangements and Altered Nuclear Organization: Recent Mechanistic Models in Cancer

The last decade has seen significant progress in understanding how the genome is organized spatially within interphase nuclei. Recent analyses have confirmed earlier molecular cytogenetic studies on chromosome positioning within interphase nuclei and provided new information about the topologically...

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Autores principales:	Concetta Federico, Francesca Bruno, Denise Ragusa, Craig S. Clements, Desiree Brancato, Marianne P. Henry, Joanna M. Bridger, Sabrina Tosi, Salvatore Saccone
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	cancer genome organization chromosomal rearrangements topologically associated domains replication timing Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/28e2f2c3cdeb4c978b1d450bad5ca58b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:28e2f2c3cdeb4c978b1d450bad5ca58b2021-11-25T17:04:48ZChromosomal Rearrangements and Altered Nuclear Organization: Recent Mechanistic Models in Cancer10.3390/cancers132258602072-6694https://doaj.org/article/28e2f2c3cdeb4c978b1d450bad5ca58b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/22/5860https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694The last decade has seen significant progress in understanding how the genome is organized spatially within interphase nuclei. Recent analyses have confirmed earlier molecular cytogenetic studies on chromosome positioning within interphase nuclei and provided new information about the topologically associated domains (TADs). Examining the nuances of how genomes are organized within interphase nuclei will provide information fundamental to understanding gene regulation and expression in health and disease. Indeed, the radial spatial positioning of individual gene loci within nuclei has been associated with up- and down-regulation of specific genes, and disruption of normal genome organization within nuclei will result in compromised cellular health. In cancer cells, where reorganization of the nuclear architecture may occur in the presence of chromosomal rearrangements such as translocations, inversions, or deletions, gene repositioning can change their expression. To date, very few studies have focused on radial gene positioning and the correlation to gene expression in cancers. Further investigations would improve our understanding of the biological mechanisms at the basis of cancer and, in particular, in leukemia initiation and progression, especially in those cases where the molecular consequences of chromosomal rearrangements are still unclear. In this review, we summarize the main milestones in the field of genome organization in the nucleus and the alterations to this organization that can lead to cancer diseases.Concetta FedericoFrancesca BrunoDenise RagusaCraig S. ClementsDesiree BrancatoMarianne P. HenryJoanna M. BridgerSabrina TosiSalvatore SacconeMDPI AGarticlecancergenome organizationchromosomal rearrangementstopologically associated domainsreplication timingNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5860, p 5860 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cancer genome organization chromosomal rearrangements topologically associated domains replication timing Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	cancer genome organization chromosomal rearrangements topologically associated domains replication timing Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Concetta Federico Francesca Bruno Denise Ragusa Craig S. Clements Desiree Brancato Marianne P. Henry Joanna M. Bridger Sabrina Tosi Salvatore Saccone Chromosomal Rearrangements and Altered Nuclear Organization: Recent Mechanistic Models in Cancer
description	The last decade has seen significant progress in understanding how the genome is organized spatially within interphase nuclei. Recent analyses have confirmed earlier molecular cytogenetic studies on chromosome positioning within interphase nuclei and provided new information about the topologically associated domains (TADs). Examining the nuances of how genomes are organized within interphase nuclei will provide information fundamental to understanding gene regulation and expression in health and disease. Indeed, the radial spatial positioning of individual gene loci within nuclei has been associated with up- and down-regulation of specific genes, and disruption of normal genome organization within nuclei will result in compromised cellular health. In cancer cells, where reorganization of the nuclear architecture may occur in the presence of chromosomal rearrangements such as translocations, inversions, or deletions, gene repositioning can change their expression. To date, very few studies have focused on radial gene positioning and the correlation to gene expression in cancers. Further investigations would improve our understanding of the biological mechanisms at the basis of cancer and, in particular, in leukemia initiation and progression, especially in those cases where the molecular consequences of chromosomal rearrangements are still unclear. In this review, we summarize the main milestones in the field of genome organization in the nucleus and the alterations to this organization that can lead to cancer diseases.
format	article
author	Concetta Federico Francesca Bruno Denise Ragusa Craig S. Clements Desiree Brancato Marianne P. Henry Joanna M. Bridger Sabrina Tosi Salvatore Saccone
author_facet	Concetta Federico Francesca Bruno Denise Ragusa Craig S. Clements Desiree Brancato Marianne P. Henry Joanna M. Bridger Sabrina Tosi Salvatore Saccone
author_sort	Concetta Federico
title	Chromosomal Rearrangements and Altered Nuclear Organization: Recent Mechanistic Models in Cancer
title_short	Chromosomal Rearrangements and Altered Nuclear Organization: Recent Mechanistic Models in Cancer
title_full	Chromosomal Rearrangements and Altered Nuclear Organization: Recent Mechanistic Models in Cancer
title_fullStr	Chromosomal Rearrangements and Altered Nuclear Organization: Recent Mechanistic Models in Cancer
title_full_unstemmed	Chromosomal Rearrangements and Altered Nuclear Organization: Recent Mechanistic Models in Cancer
title_sort	chromosomal rearrangements and altered nuclear organization: recent mechanistic models in cancer
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/28e2f2c3cdeb4c978b1d450bad5ca58b
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_version_	1718412702747983872

Chromosomal Rearrangements and Altered Nuclear Organization: Recent Mechanistic Models in Cancer

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