Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy
The discordant immunologic response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients is characterized by ineffective recovery of CD4+T cell counts. The role of regulatory T cells in discordant response to the treatment remains poorly understood both due to the lack of specific and reliable markers...
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2020
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oai:doaj.org-article:2931d7f6f0ec42a7b4defe625269e47d2021-11-18T08:03:49ZRegulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy1563-06252313-741X10.15789/1563-0625-RTC-1770https://doaj.org/article/2931d7f6f0ec42a7b4defe625269e47d2020-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1770https://doaj.org/toc/1563-0625https://doaj.org/toc/2313-741XThe discordant immunologic response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients is characterized by ineffective recovery of CD4+T cell counts. The role of regulatory T cells in discordant response to the treatment remains poorly understood both due to the lack of specific and reliable markers of regulatory T cells and their subset’s heterogeneity. In the present work, we studied two groups of HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy for more than two years and thus having their viral load suppressed (less than 50 copies of HIV per ml of blood): those who responded (n = 22) and did not respond (n = 19) to the treatment with an increase in their CD4+T cell counts. The control group consisted of uninfected volunteers (n = 23). The CD4+T lymphocyte subset composition was examined by flow cytometry. It was shown that in HIV-infected patients with ineffective immune recovery compared with subjects having a standard response to antiretroviral therapy, the absolute counts of regulatory T cells, as well as CD4+T lymphocytes, was reduced in all maturational subsets: naive cells, central memory, effector memory, and terminally differentiated effectors. That differed immunological nonresponders from patients with a standard response to the treatment, which had a shortage only in naive and central memory regulatory T cell subsets. It is important to note that in HIV-infected patients with a discordant response to therapy, the proportion of effector memory regulatory T cells, that posses the most prominent suppressive capacity, was significantly increased compared with that in other CD4+T lymphocyte subsets. Apparently, despite of regulatory T cell deficiency, in HIV-infected patients with a discordant response to the treatment, the regulatory T cell pool size is big enough to control CD4+T lymphocyte activation. Nevertheless, the number of regulatory T cells may not be sufficient to suppress the over-activation of immunocompetent cells that are not in the CD4+T lymphocyte subset. This can partly explain the increased cell activation level in patients with a discordant response to therapy as compared with those who have a standard respond to the treatment.L. B. KorolevskayaE. V. SaidakovaN. G. ShmagelK. V. ShmagelSPb RAACIarticlehiv-infectionantiretroviral therapydiscordant immunological responseregulatory t cellsnaive t lymphocytescentral memory t cellseffector memory t cellsImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607RUMedicinskaâ Immunologiâ, Vol 22, Iss 2, Pp 281-290 (2020) |
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hiv-infection antiretroviral therapy discordant immunological response regulatory t cells naive t lymphocytes central memory t cells effector memory t cells Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 |
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hiv-infection antiretroviral therapy discordant immunological response regulatory t cells naive t lymphocytes central memory t cells effector memory t cells Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 L. B. Korolevskaya E. V. Saidakova N. G. Shmagel K. V. Shmagel Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
description |
The discordant immunologic response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients is characterized by ineffective recovery of CD4+T cell counts. The role of regulatory T cells in discordant response to the treatment remains poorly understood both due to the lack of specific and reliable markers of regulatory T cells and their subset’s heterogeneity. In the present work, we studied two groups of HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy for more than two years and thus having their viral load suppressed (less than 50 copies of HIV per ml of blood): those who responded (n = 22) and did not respond (n = 19) to the treatment with an increase in their CD4+T cell counts. The control group consisted of uninfected volunteers (n = 23). The CD4+T lymphocyte subset composition was examined by flow cytometry. It was shown that in HIV-infected patients with ineffective immune recovery compared with subjects having a standard response to antiretroviral therapy, the absolute counts of regulatory T cells, as well as CD4+T lymphocytes, was reduced in all maturational subsets: naive cells, central memory, effector memory, and terminally differentiated effectors. That differed immunological nonresponders from patients with a standard response to the treatment, which had a shortage only in naive and central memory regulatory T cell subsets. It is important to note that in HIV-infected patients with a discordant response to therapy, the proportion of effector memory regulatory T cells, that posses the most prominent suppressive capacity, was significantly increased compared with that in other CD4+T lymphocyte subsets. Apparently, despite of regulatory T cell deficiency, in HIV-infected patients with a discordant response to the treatment, the regulatory T cell pool size is big enough to control CD4+T lymphocyte activation. Nevertheless, the number of regulatory T cells may not be sufficient to suppress the over-activation of immunocompetent cells that are not in the CD4+T lymphocyte subset. This can partly explain the increased cell activation level in patients with a discordant response to therapy as compared with those who have a standard respond to the treatment. |
format |
article |
author |
L. B. Korolevskaya E. V. Saidakova N. G. Shmagel K. V. Shmagel |
author_facet |
L. B. Korolevskaya E. V. Saidakova N. G. Shmagel K. V. Shmagel |
author_sort |
L. B. Korolevskaya |
title |
Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
title_short |
Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
title_full |
Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
title_fullStr |
Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
title_sort |
regulatory t cell subsets in peripheral blood of hiv-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
publisher |
SPb RAACI |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/2931d7f6f0ec42a7b4defe625269e47d |
work_keys_str_mv |
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