Development of structural colour in leaf beetles

Abstract Structural colours in living organisms have been observed and analysed in a large number of species, however the study of how the micro- and nano-scopic natural structures responsible of such colourations develop has been largely ignored. Understanding the interplay between chemical composi...

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Autores principales:	Olimpia D. Onelli, Thomas van de Kamp, Jeremy N. Skepper, Janet Powell, Tomy dos Santos Rolo, Tilo Baumbach, Silvia Vignolini
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/29503aa7a41f44e391e8442cfe69c432
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:29503aa7a41f44e391e8442cfe69c4322021-12-02T12:30:18ZDevelopment of structural colour in leaf beetles10.1038/s41598-017-01496-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/29503aa7a41f44e391e8442cfe69c4322017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01496-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Structural colours in living organisms have been observed and analysed in a large number of species, however the study of how the micro- and nano-scopic natural structures responsible of such colourations develop has been largely ignored. Understanding the interplay between chemical composition, structural morphology on multiple length scales, and mechanical constraints requires a range of investigation tools able to capture the different aspects of natural hierarchical architectures. Here, we report a developmental study of the most widespread strategy for structural colouration in nature: the cuticular multilayer. In particular, we focus on the exoskeletal growth of the dock leaf beetle Gastrophysa viridula, capturing all aspects of its formation: the macroscopic growth is tracked via synchrotron microtomography, while the submicron features are revealed by electron microscopy and light spectroscopy combined with numerical modelling. In particular, we observe that the two main factors driving the formation of the colour-producing multilayers are the polymerization of melanin during the ecdysis and the change in the layer spacing during the sclerotisation of the cuticle. Our understanding of the exoskeleton formation provides a unique insight into the different processes involved during metamorphosis.Olimpia D. OnelliThomas van de KampJeremy N. SkepperJanet PowellTomy dos Santos RoloTilo BaumbachSilvia VignoliniNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Olimpia D. Onelli Thomas van de Kamp Jeremy N. Skepper Janet Powell Tomy dos Santos Rolo Tilo Baumbach Silvia Vignolini Development of structural colour in leaf beetles
description	Abstract Structural colours in living organisms have been observed and analysed in a large number of species, however the study of how the micro- and nano-scopic natural structures responsible of such colourations develop has been largely ignored. Understanding the interplay between chemical composition, structural morphology on multiple length scales, and mechanical constraints requires a range of investigation tools able to capture the different aspects of natural hierarchical architectures. Here, we report a developmental study of the most widespread strategy for structural colouration in nature: the cuticular multilayer. In particular, we focus on the exoskeletal growth of the dock leaf beetle Gastrophysa viridula, capturing all aspects of its formation: the macroscopic growth is tracked via synchrotron microtomography, while the submicron features are revealed by electron microscopy and light spectroscopy combined with numerical modelling. In particular, we observe that the two main factors driving the formation of the colour-producing multilayers are the polymerization of melanin during the ecdysis and the change in the layer spacing during the sclerotisation of the cuticle. Our understanding of the exoskeleton formation provides a unique insight into the different processes involved during metamorphosis.
format	article
author	Olimpia D. Onelli Thomas van de Kamp Jeremy N. Skepper Janet Powell Tomy dos Santos Rolo Tilo Baumbach Silvia Vignolini
author_facet	Olimpia D. Onelli Thomas van de Kamp Jeremy N. Skepper Janet Powell Tomy dos Santos Rolo Tilo Baumbach Silvia Vignolini
author_sort	Olimpia D. Onelli
title	Development of structural colour in leaf beetles
title_short	Development of structural colour in leaf beetles
title_full	Development of structural colour in leaf beetles
title_fullStr	Development of structural colour in leaf beetles
title_full_unstemmed	Development of structural colour in leaf beetles
title_sort	development of structural colour in leaf beetles
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/29503aa7a41f44e391e8442cfe69c432
work_keys_str_mv	AT olimpiadonelli developmentofstructuralcolourinleafbeetles AT thomasvandekamp developmentofstructuralcolourinleafbeetles AT jeremynskepper developmentofstructuralcolourinleafbeetles AT janetpowell developmentofstructuralcolourinleafbeetles AT tomydossantosrolo developmentofstructuralcolourinleafbeetles AT tilobaumbach developmentofstructuralcolourinleafbeetles AT silviavignolini developmentofstructuralcolourinleafbeetles
_version_	1718394387241631744

Development of structural colour in leaf beetles

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