Salt stress improves thermotolerance and high-temperature bioethanol production of multi-stress-tolerant Pichia kudriavzevii by stimulating intracellular metabolism and inhibiting oxidative damage

Abstract Background High-temperature bioethanol production benefits from yeast thermotolerance. Salt stress could induce obvious cross-protection against heat stress of Pichia kudriavzevii, contributing to the improvement of its thermotolerance and bioethanol fermentation. However, the underlying me...

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Autores principales:	Chunsheng Li, Qiuying Liu, Yueqi Wang, Xianqing Yang, Shengjun Chen, Yongqiang Zhao, Yanyan Wu, Laihao Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Pichia kudriavzevii Thermotolerance Bioethanol production Cross-protection Salt stress Metabolic network Fuel TP315-360 Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2969cfc3bb8543e19fe5240269be61d2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2969cfc3bb8543e19fe5240269be61d22021-11-28T12:22:23ZSalt stress improves thermotolerance and high-temperature bioethanol production of multi-stress-tolerant Pichia kudriavzevii by stimulating intracellular metabolism and inhibiting oxidative damage10.1186/s13068-021-02071-01754-6834https://doaj.org/article/2969cfc3bb8543e19fe5240269be61d22021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-021-02071-0https://doaj.org/toc/1754-6834Abstract Background High-temperature bioethanol production benefits from yeast thermotolerance. Salt stress could induce obvious cross-protection against heat stress of Pichia kudriavzevii, contributing to the improvement of its thermotolerance and bioethanol fermentation. However, the underlying mechanisms of the cross-protection remain poorly understood. Results Salt stress showed obvious cross-protection for thermotolerance and high-temperature ethanol production of P. kudriavzevii observed by biomass, cell morphology and bioethanol production capacity. The biomass and ethanol production of P. kudriavzevii at 45 °C were, respectively, improved by 2.6 and 3.9 times by 300 mmol/L NaCl. Metabolic network map showed that salt stress obviously improved the key enzymes and intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism, contributing to the synthesis of bioethanol, ATP, amino acids, nucleotides, and unsaturated fatty acids, as well as subsequent intracellular metabolisms. The increasing trehalose, glycerol, HSPs, and ergosterol helped maintain the normal function of cell components. Heat stress induced serious oxidative stress that the ROS-positive cell rate and dead cell rate, respectively, rose from 0.5% and 2.4% to 28.2% and 69.2%, with the incubation temperature increasing from 30 to 45 °C. The heat-induced ROS outburst, oxidative damage, and cell death were obviously inhibited by salt stress, especially the dead cell rate which fell to only 20.3% at 300 mmol/L NaCl. The inhibiting oxidative damage mainly resulted from the abundant synthesis of GSH and GST, which, respectively, increased by 4.8 and 76.1 times after addition of 300 mmol/L NaCl. The improved bioethanol production was not only due to the improved thermotolerance, but resulted from the up-regulated alcohol dehydrogenases and down-regulated aldehyde dehydrogenases by salt stress. Conclusion The results provide a first insight into the mechanisms of the improved thermotolerance and high-temperature bioethanol production of P. kudriavzevii by salt stress, and provide important information to construct genetic engineering yeasts for high-temperature bioethanol production. Graphical AbstractChunsheng LiQiuying LiuYueqi WangXianqing YangShengjun ChenYongqiang ZhaoYanyan WuLaihao LiBMCarticlePichia kudriavzeviiThermotoleranceBioethanol productionCross-protectionSalt stressMetabolic networkFuelTP315-360BiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65ENBiotechnology for Biofuels, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Pichia kudriavzevii Thermotolerance Bioethanol production Cross-protection Salt stress Metabolic network Fuel TP315-360 Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
spellingShingle	Pichia kudriavzevii Thermotolerance Bioethanol production Cross-protection Salt stress Metabolic network Fuel TP315-360 Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Chunsheng Li Qiuying Liu Yueqi Wang Xianqing Yang Shengjun Chen Yongqiang Zhao Yanyan Wu Laihao Li Salt stress improves thermotolerance and high-temperature bioethanol production of multi-stress-tolerant Pichia kudriavzevii by stimulating intracellular metabolism and inhibiting oxidative damage
description	Abstract Background High-temperature bioethanol production benefits from yeast thermotolerance. Salt stress could induce obvious cross-protection against heat stress of Pichia kudriavzevii, contributing to the improvement of its thermotolerance and bioethanol fermentation. However, the underlying mechanisms of the cross-protection remain poorly understood. Results Salt stress showed obvious cross-protection for thermotolerance and high-temperature ethanol production of P. kudriavzevii observed by biomass, cell morphology and bioethanol production capacity. The biomass and ethanol production of P. kudriavzevii at 45 °C were, respectively, improved by 2.6 and 3.9 times by 300 mmol/L NaCl. Metabolic network map showed that salt stress obviously improved the key enzymes and intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism, contributing to the synthesis of bioethanol, ATP, amino acids, nucleotides, and unsaturated fatty acids, as well as subsequent intracellular metabolisms. The increasing trehalose, glycerol, HSPs, and ergosterol helped maintain the normal function of cell components. Heat stress induced serious oxidative stress that the ROS-positive cell rate and dead cell rate, respectively, rose from 0.5% and 2.4% to 28.2% and 69.2%, with the incubation temperature increasing from 30 to 45 °C. The heat-induced ROS outburst, oxidative damage, and cell death were obviously inhibited by salt stress, especially the dead cell rate which fell to only 20.3% at 300 mmol/L NaCl. The inhibiting oxidative damage mainly resulted from the abundant synthesis of GSH and GST, which, respectively, increased by 4.8 and 76.1 times after addition of 300 mmol/L NaCl. The improved bioethanol production was not only due to the improved thermotolerance, but resulted from the up-regulated alcohol dehydrogenases and down-regulated aldehyde dehydrogenases by salt stress. Conclusion The results provide a first insight into the mechanisms of the improved thermotolerance and high-temperature bioethanol production of P. kudriavzevii by salt stress, and provide important information to construct genetic engineering yeasts for high-temperature bioethanol production. Graphical Abstract
format	article
author	Chunsheng Li Qiuying Liu Yueqi Wang Xianqing Yang Shengjun Chen Yongqiang Zhao Yanyan Wu Laihao Li
author_facet	Chunsheng Li Qiuying Liu Yueqi Wang Xianqing Yang Shengjun Chen Yongqiang Zhao Yanyan Wu Laihao Li
author_sort	Chunsheng Li
title	Salt stress improves thermotolerance and high-temperature bioethanol production of multi-stress-tolerant Pichia kudriavzevii by stimulating intracellular metabolism and inhibiting oxidative damage
title_short	Salt stress improves thermotolerance and high-temperature bioethanol production of multi-stress-tolerant Pichia kudriavzevii by stimulating intracellular metabolism and inhibiting oxidative damage
title_full	Salt stress improves thermotolerance and high-temperature bioethanol production of multi-stress-tolerant Pichia kudriavzevii by stimulating intracellular metabolism and inhibiting oxidative damage
title_fullStr	Salt stress improves thermotolerance and high-temperature bioethanol production of multi-stress-tolerant Pichia kudriavzevii by stimulating intracellular metabolism and inhibiting oxidative damage
title_full_unstemmed	Salt stress improves thermotolerance and high-temperature bioethanol production of multi-stress-tolerant Pichia kudriavzevii by stimulating intracellular metabolism and inhibiting oxidative damage
title_sort	salt stress improves thermotolerance and high-temperature bioethanol production of multi-stress-tolerant pichia kudriavzevii by stimulating intracellular metabolism and inhibiting oxidative damage
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2969cfc3bb8543e19fe5240269be61d2
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Salt stress improves thermotolerance and high-temperature bioethanol production of multi-stress-tolerant Pichia kudriavzevii by stimulating intracellular metabolism and inhibiting oxidative damage

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