Innate Immune Training with Bacterial Extracts Enhances Lung Macrophage Recruitment to Protect from Betacoronavirus Infection

Training of the innate immune system with orally ingested bacterial extracts was demonstrated to have beneficial effects on infection clearance and disease outcome. The aim of our study was to identify cellular and molecular processes responsible for these immunological benefits. We used a murine co...

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Autores principales:	Manuel Salzmann, Patrick Haider, Christoph Kaun, Mira Brekalo, Boris Hartmann, Theresia Lengheimer, Rebecca Pichler, Thomas Filip, Sophia Derdak, Bruno Podesser, Christian Hengstenberg, Walter S. Speidl, Johann Wojta, Roberto Plasenzotti, Philipp J. Hohensinner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Karger Publishers 2021
Materias:	macrophage trained immunity bacterial extract mouse coronavirus Medicine R Internal medicine RC31-1245
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/29d288b1ebad47b4a34ad65a3bd7db21
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:29d288b1ebad47b4a34ad65a3bd7db212021-12-02T12:40:22ZInnate Immune Training with Bacterial Extracts Enhances Lung Macrophage Recruitment to Protect from Betacoronavirus Infection1662-811X1662-812810.1159/000519699https://doaj.org/article/29d288b1ebad47b4a34ad65a3bd7db212021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/519699https://doaj.org/toc/1662-811Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-8128Training of the innate immune system with orally ingested bacterial extracts was demonstrated to have beneficial effects on infection clearance and disease outcome. The aim of our study was to identify cellular and molecular processes responsible for these immunological benefits. We used a murine coronavirus (MCoV) A59 mouse model treated with the immune activating bacterial extract Broncho-Vaxom (BV) OM-85. Tissue samples were analysed with qPCR, RNA sequencing, histology, and flow cytometry. After BV OM-85 treatment, interstitial macrophages accumulated in lung tissue leading to a faster response of type I interferon (IFN) signalling after MCoV infection resulting in overall lung tissue protection. Moreover, RNA sequencing showed that lung tissue from mice receiving BV OM-85 resembled an intermediate stage between healthy and viral infected lung tissue at day 4, indicating a faster return to normal tissue homoeostasis. The pharmacologic effect was mimicked by adoptively transferring naive lung macrophages into lungs from recipient mice before virus infection. The beneficial effect of BV OM-85 was abolished when inhibiting initial type I IFN signalling. Overall, our data suggest that BV OM-85 enhances lung macrophages allowing for a faster IFN response towards a viral challenge as part of the oral-induced innate immune system training.Manuel SalzmannPatrick HaiderChristoph KaunMira BrekaloBoris HartmannTheresia LengheimerRebecca PichlerThomas FilipSophia DerdakBruno PodesserChristian HengstenbergWalter S. SpeidlJohann WojtaRoberto PlasenzottiPhilipp J. HohensinnerKarger Publishersarticlemacrophagetrained immunitybacterial extractmouse coronavirusMedicineRInternal medicineRC31-1245ENJournal of Innate Immunity, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	macrophage trained immunity bacterial extract mouse coronavirus Medicine R Internal medicine RC31-1245
spellingShingle	macrophage trained immunity bacterial extract mouse coronavirus Medicine R Internal medicine RC31-1245 Manuel Salzmann Patrick Haider Christoph Kaun Mira Brekalo Boris Hartmann Theresia Lengheimer Rebecca Pichler Thomas Filip Sophia Derdak Bruno Podesser Christian Hengstenberg Walter S. Speidl Johann Wojta Roberto Plasenzotti Philipp J. Hohensinner Innate Immune Training with Bacterial Extracts Enhances Lung Macrophage Recruitment to Protect from Betacoronavirus Infection
description	Training of the innate immune system with orally ingested bacterial extracts was demonstrated to have beneficial effects on infection clearance and disease outcome. The aim of our study was to identify cellular and molecular processes responsible for these immunological benefits. We used a murine coronavirus (MCoV) A59 mouse model treated with the immune activating bacterial extract Broncho-Vaxom (BV) OM-85. Tissue samples were analysed with qPCR, RNA sequencing, histology, and flow cytometry. After BV OM-85 treatment, interstitial macrophages accumulated in lung tissue leading to a faster response of type I interferon (IFN) signalling after MCoV infection resulting in overall lung tissue protection. Moreover, RNA sequencing showed that lung tissue from mice receiving BV OM-85 resembled an intermediate stage between healthy and viral infected lung tissue at day 4, indicating a faster return to normal tissue homoeostasis. The pharmacologic effect was mimicked by adoptively transferring naive lung macrophages into lungs from recipient mice before virus infection. The beneficial effect of BV OM-85 was abolished when inhibiting initial type I IFN signalling. Overall, our data suggest that BV OM-85 enhances lung macrophages allowing for a faster IFN response towards a viral challenge as part of the oral-induced innate immune system training.
format	article
author	Manuel Salzmann Patrick Haider Christoph Kaun Mira Brekalo Boris Hartmann Theresia Lengheimer Rebecca Pichler Thomas Filip Sophia Derdak Bruno Podesser Christian Hengstenberg Walter S. Speidl Johann Wojta Roberto Plasenzotti Philipp J. Hohensinner
author_facet	Manuel Salzmann Patrick Haider Christoph Kaun Mira Brekalo Boris Hartmann Theresia Lengheimer Rebecca Pichler Thomas Filip Sophia Derdak Bruno Podesser Christian Hengstenberg Walter S. Speidl Johann Wojta Roberto Plasenzotti Philipp J. Hohensinner
author_sort	Manuel Salzmann
title	Innate Immune Training with Bacterial Extracts Enhances Lung Macrophage Recruitment to Protect from Betacoronavirus Infection
title_short	Innate Immune Training with Bacterial Extracts Enhances Lung Macrophage Recruitment to Protect from Betacoronavirus Infection
title_full	Innate Immune Training with Bacterial Extracts Enhances Lung Macrophage Recruitment to Protect from Betacoronavirus Infection
title_fullStr	Innate Immune Training with Bacterial Extracts Enhances Lung Macrophage Recruitment to Protect from Betacoronavirus Infection
title_full_unstemmed	Innate Immune Training with Bacterial Extracts Enhances Lung Macrophage Recruitment to Protect from Betacoronavirus Infection
title_sort	innate immune training with bacterial extracts enhances lung macrophage recruitment to protect from betacoronavirus infection
publisher	Karger Publishers
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/29d288b1ebad47b4a34ad65a3bd7db21
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Innate Immune Training with Bacterial Extracts Enhances Lung Macrophage Recruitment to Protect from Betacoronavirus Infection

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