Performance Evaluation of GPS Auto-Surveying Techniques

With the increase in the widespread use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), increasing numbers of applications require precise position data. Of all the GNSS positioning methods, the most precise are those that are based in differential systems, such as Differential GNSS (DGNSS) and Real-...

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Autores principales:	João Manito, José Sanguino
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	GNSS GPS base-station auto-surveying Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/29e6dc4499fd4128b603dee0ebc543dd
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:29e6dc4499fd4128b603dee0ebc543dd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:29e6dc4499fd4128b603dee0ebc543dd2021-11-11T19:18:38ZPerformance Evaluation of GPS Auto-Surveying Techniques10.3390/s212173741424-8220https://doaj.org/article/29e6dc4499fd4128b603dee0ebc543dd2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7374https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220With the increase in the widespread use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), increasing numbers of applications require precise position data. Of all the GNSS positioning methods, the most precise are those that are based in differential systems, such as Differential GNSS (DGNSS) and Real-Time Kinematics (RTK). However, for absolute positioning, the precision of these methods is tied to their reference position estimates. With the goal of quickly auto-surveying the position of a base station receiver, four positioning methods are analyzed and compared, namely Least Squares (LS), Weighted Least Squares (WLS), Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF), using only pseudorange measurements, as well as the Hatch Filter and position thresholding. The research results show that the EKF and UKF present much better mean errors than LS and WLS, with an attained precision below 1 m after about 4 h of auto-surveying. The methods that presented the best results are then tested against existing implementations, showing them to be very competitive, especially considering the differences between the used receivers. Finally, these results are used in a DGNSS test, which verifies a significant improvement in the position estimate as the base station position estimate improves.João ManitoJosé SanguinoMDPI AGarticleGNSSGPSbase-stationauto-surveyingChemical technologyTP1-1185ENSensors, Vol 21, Iss 7374, p 7374 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	GNSS GPS base-station auto-surveying Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	GNSS GPS base-station auto-surveying Chemical technology TP1-1185 João Manito José Sanguino Performance Evaluation of GPS Auto-Surveying Techniques
description	With the increase in the widespread use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), increasing numbers of applications require precise position data. Of all the GNSS positioning methods, the most precise are those that are based in differential systems, such as Differential GNSS (DGNSS) and Real-Time Kinematics (RTK). However, for absolute positioning, the precision of these methods is tied to their reference position estimates. With the goal of quickly auto-surveying the position of a base station receiver, four positioning methods are analyzed and compared, namely Least Squares (LS), Weighted Least Squares (WLS), Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF), using only pseudorange measurements, as well as the Hatch Filter and position thresholding. The research results show that the EKF and UKF present much better mean errors than LS and WLS, with an attained precision below 1 m after about 4 h of auto-surveying. The methods that presented the best results are then tested against existing implementations, showing them to be very competitive, especially considering the differences between the used receivers. Finally, these results are used in a DGNSS test, which verifies a significant improvement in the position estimate as the base station position estimate improves.
format	article
author	João Manito José Sanguino
author_facet	João Manito José Sanguino
author_sort	João Manito
title	Performance Evaluation of GPS Auto-Surveying Techniques
title_short	Performance Evaluation of GPS Auto-Surveying Techniques
title_full	Performance Evaluation of GPS Auto-Surveying Techniques
title_fullStr	Performance Evaluation of GPS Auto-Surveying Techniques
title_full_unstemmed	Performance Evaluation of GPS Auto-Surveying Techniques
title_sort	performance evaluation of gps auto-surveying techniques
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/29e6dc4499fd4128b603dee0ebc543dd
work_keys_str_mv	AT joaomanito performanceevaluationofgpsautosurveyingtechniques AT josesanguino performanceevaluationofgpsautosurveyingtechniques
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Performance Evaluation of GPS Auto-Surveying Techniques

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