Rabies is still a fatal but neglected disease: a case report

Abstract Background Rabies, caused by a lyssavirus, is a viral zoonosis that affects people in many parts of the world, especially those in low income countries. Contact with domestic animals, especially dogs, is the main source of human infections. Humans may present with the disease only after a l...

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Autores principales:	Y. A. Amoako, P. El-Duah, A. A. Sylverken, M. Owusu, R. Yeboah, R. Gorman, T. Adade, J. Bonney, W. Tasiame, K. Nyarko-Jectey, T. Binger, V. M. Corman, C. Drosten, R. O. Phillips
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Rabies Incubation period Diagnostic testing Ghana Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/29e8a738ea43453a9c5e51dc742b3009
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:29e8a738ea43453a9c5e51dc742b30092021-12-05T12:23:52ZRabies is still a fatal but neglected disease: a case report10.1186/s13256-021-03164-y1752-1947https://doaj.org/article/29e8a738ea43453a9c5e51dc742b30092021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-021-03164-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/1752-1947Abstract Background Rabies, caused by a lyssavirus, is a viral zoonosis that affects people in many parts of the world, especially those in low income countries. Contact with domestic animals, especially dogs, is the main source of human infections. Humans may present with the disease only after a long period of exposure. Nearly half of rabies cases occur in children <15 years old. We report on a fatal case of rabies in a Ghanaian school child 5 years after the exposure incident, and the vital role of molecular tools in the confirmation of the diagnosis. Case presentation The patient, an 11-year-old junior high school Ghanaian student from the Obuasi Municipality in Ghana, presented with aggressive behavior, which rapidly progressed to confusion and loss of consciousness within a day of onset. Her parents reported that the patient had experienced a bite from a stray dog on her right leg 5 years prior to presentation, for which no antirabies prophylaxis was given. The patient died within minutes of arrival in hospital (within 24 hours of symptom onset). Real-time polymerase chain reaction testing of cerebrospinal fluid obtained after her death confirmed the diagnosis of rabies. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis showed the virus to belong to the Africa 2 lineage of rabies viruses, which is one of the predominant circulating lineages in Ghana. Conclusion The incubation period of rabies is highly variable so patients may only present with symptoms long after the exposure incident. Appropriate molecular testing tools, when available as part of rabies control programmes, are vital in confirming cases of rabies.Y. A. AmoakoP. El-DuahA. A. SylverkenM. OwusuR. YeboahR. GormanT. AdadeJ. BonneyW. TasiameK. Nyarko-JecteyT. BingerV. M. CormanC. DrostenR. O. PhillipsBMCarticleRabiesIncubation periodDiagnostic testingGhanaMedicineRENJournal of Medical Case Reports, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Rabies Incubation period Diagnostic testing Ghana Medicine R
spellingShingle	Rabies Incubation period Diagnostic testing Ghana Medicine R Y. A. Amoako P. El-Duah A. A. Sylverken M. Owusu R. Yeboah R. Gorman T. Adade J. Bonney W. Tasiame K. Nyarko-Jectey T. Binger V. M. Corman C. Drosten R. O. Phillips Rabies is still a fatal but neglected disease: a case report
description	Abstract Background Rabies, caused by a lyssavirus, is a viral zoonosis that affects people in many parts of the world, especially those in low income countries. Contact with domestic animals, especially dogs, is the main source of human infections. Humans may present with the disease only after a long period of exposure. Nearly half of rabies cases occur in children <15 years old. We report on a fatal case of rabies in a Ghanaian school child 5 years after the exposure incident, and the vital role of molecular tools in the confirmation of the diagnosis. Case presentation The patient, an 11-year-old junior high school Ghanaian student from the Obuasi Municipality in Ghana, presented with aggressive behavior, which rapidly progressed to confusion and loss of consciousness within a day of onset. Her parents reported that the patient had experienced a bite from a stray dog on her right leg 5 years prior to presentation, for which no antirabies prophylaxis was given. The patient died within minutes of arrival in hospital (within 24 hours of symptom onset). Real-time polymerase chain reaction testing of cerebrospinal fluid obtained after her death confirmed the diagnosis of rabies. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis showed the virus to belong to the Africa 2 lineage of rabies viruses, which is one of the predominant circulating lineages in Ghana. Conclusion The incubation period of rabies is highly variable so patients may only present with symptoms long after the exposure incident. Appropriate molecular testing tools, when available as part of rabies control programmes, are vital in confirming cases of rabies.
format	article
author	Y. A. Amoako P. El-Duah A. A. Sylverken M. Owusu R. Yeboah R. Gorman T. Adade J. Bonney W. Tasiame K. Nyarko-Jectey T. Binger V. M. Corman C. Drosten R. O. Phillips
author_facet	Y. A. Amoako P. El-Duah A. A. Sylverken M. Owusu R. Yeboah R. Gorman T. Adade J. Bonney W. Tasiame K. Nyarko-Jectey T. Binger V. M. Corman C. Drosten R. O. Phillips
author_sort	Y. A. Amoako
title	Rabies is still a fatal but neglected disease: a case report
title_short	Rabies is still a fatal but neglected disease: a case report
title_full	Rabies is still a fatal but neglected disease: a case report
title_fullStr	Rabies is still a fatal but neglected disease: a case report
title_full_unstemmed	Rabies is still a fatal but neglected disease: a case report
title_sort	rabies is still a fatal but neglected disease: a case report
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/29e8a738ea43453a9c5e51dc742b3009
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Rabies is still a fatal but neglected disease: a case report

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