Effects of prolonged use of virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display on visual parameters: a randomised controlled trial

Abstract We investigated the effects of using a virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display (VR SHMD) device for 2 h on visual parameters. Fifty-eight healthy volunteers were recruited. The participants played games using VR SHMD or smartphones for 2 h on different days. Visual parameters...

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Autores principales:	Hyeon Jeong Yoon, Hyun Sik Moon, Mi Sun Sung, Sang Woo Park, Hwan Heo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/29fc61dfb33e450698bc110eb8f054f5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:29fc61dfb33e450698bc110eb8f054f52021-12-02T16:24:56ZEffects of prolonged use of virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display on visual parameters: a randomised controlled trial10.1038/s41598-021-94680-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/29fc61dfb33e450698bc110eb8f054f52021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94680-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We investigated the effects of using a virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display (VR SHMD) device for 2 h on visual parameters. Fifty-eight healthy volunteers were recruited. The participants played games using VR SHMD or smartphones for 2 h on different days. Visual parameters including refraction, accommodation, convergence, stereopsis, and ocular alignment and measured choroidal thickness before and after the use of VR SHMD or smartphones were investigated. Subjective symptoms were assessed using questionnaires. We analyzed the differences in visual parameters before and after the use of VR SHMD or smartphones and correlations between baseline visual parameters and those after the use of the devices. Significant changes were observed in near-point convergence and accommodation, exophoric deviation, stereopsis, and accommodative lag after the use of VR SHMD but not after that of smartphones. The subjective discomfort associated with dry eye and neurologic symptoms were more severe in the VR group than in the smartphone group. There were no significant changes in refraction and choroidal thickness after the use of either of the two devices. The poorer the participants’ accommodation and convergence ability the greater the resistance to changes in these visual parameters, and participants with a large exophoria were more prone to worsening of exophoria than those with a small exophoria.Hyeon Jeong YoonHyun Sik MoonMi Sun SungSang Woo ParkHwan HeoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hyeon Jeong Yoon Hyun Sik Moon Mi Sun Sung Sang Woo Park Hwan Heo Effects of prolonged use of virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display on visual parameters: a randomised controlled trial
description	Abstract We investigated the effects of using a virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display (VR SHMD) device for 2 h on visual parameters. Fifty-eight healthy volunteers were recruited. The participants played games using VR SHMD or smartphones for 2 h on different days. Visual parameters including refraction, accommodation, convergence, stereopsis, and ocular alignment and measured choroidal thickness before and after the use of VR SHMD or smartphones were investigated. Subjective symptoms were assessed using questionnaires. We analyzed the differences in visual parameters before and after the use of VR SHMD or smartphones and correlations between baseline visual parameters and those after the use of the devices. Significant changes were observed in near-point convergence and accommodation, exophoric deviation, stereopsis, and accommodative lag after the use of VR SHMD but not after that of smartphones. The subjective discomfort associated with dry eye and neurologic symptoms were more severe in the VR group than in the smartphone group. There were no significant changes in refraction and choroidal thickness after the use of either of the two devices. The poorer the participants’ accommodation and convergence ability the greater the resistance to changes in these visual parameters, and participants with a large exophoria were more prone to worsening of exophoria than those with a small exophoria.
format	article
author	Hyeon Jeong Yoon Hyun Sik Moon Mi Sun Sung Sang Woo Park Hwan Heo
author_facet	Hyeon Jeong Yoon Hyun Sik Moon Mi Sun Sung Sang Woo Park Hwan Heo
author_sort	Hyeon Jeong Yoon
title	Effects of prolonged use of virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display on visual parameters: a randomised controlled trial
title_short	Effects of prolonged use of virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display on visual parameters: a randomised controlled trial
title_full	Effects of prolonged use of virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display on visual parameters: a randomised controlled trial
title_fullStr	Effects of prolonged use of virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display on visual parameters: a randomised controlled trial
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of prolonged use of virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display on visual parameters: a randomised controlled trial
title_sort	effects of prolonged use of virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display on visual parameters: a randomised controlled trial
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/29fc61dfb33e450698bc110eb8f054f5
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Effects of prolonged use of virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display on visual parameters: a randomised controlled trial

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