Which role models are effective for which students? A systematic review and four recommendations for maximizing the effectiveness of role models in STEM

Abstract Is exposing students to role models an effective tool for diversifying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)? So far, the evidence for this claim is mixed. Here, we set out to identify systematic sources of variability in STEM role models’ effects on student motivation: I...

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Autores principales:	Jessica R. Gladstone, Andrei Cimpian
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SpringerOpen 2021
Materias:	Role models Motivation Science STEM Diversity Education L Education (General) L7-991 Special aspects of education LC8-6691 Theory and practice of education LB5-3640
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2a024afdd9ea44949e4c6b3fd85ea0d8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2a024afdd9ea44949e4c6b3fd85ea0d82021-12-05T12:08:24ZWhich role models are effective for which students? A systematic review and four recommendations for maximizing the effectiveness of role models in STEM10.1186/s40594-021-00315-x2196-7822https://doaj.org/article/2a024afdd9ea44949e4c6b3fd85ea0d82021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-021-00315-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2196-7822Abstract Is exposing students to role models an effective tool for diversifying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)? So far, the evidence for this claim is mixed. Here, we set out to identify systematic sources of variability in STEM role models’ effects on student motivation: If we determine which role models are effective for which students, we will be in a better position to maximize role models’ impact as a tool for diversifying STEM. A systematic narrative review of the literature (55 articles) investigated the effects of role models on students’ STEM motivation as a function of several key features of the role models (their perceived competence, their perceived similarity to students, and the perceived attainability of their success) and the students (their gender, race/ethnicity, age, and identification with STEM). We conclude with four concrete recommendations for ensuring that STEM role models are motivating for students of all backgrounds and demographics—an important step toward diversifying STEM.Jessica R. GladstoneAndrei CimpianSpringerOpenarticleRole modelsMotivationScienceSTEMDiversityEducationLEducation (General)L7-991Special aspects of educationLC8-6691Theory and practice of educationLB5-3640ENInternational Journal of STEM Education, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Role models Motivation Science STEM Diversity Education L Education (General) L7-991 Special aspects of education LC8-6691 Theory and practice of education LB5-3640
spellingShingle	Role models Motivation Science STEM Diversity Education L Education (General) L7-991 Special aspects of education LC8-6691 Theory and practice of education LB5-3640 Jessica R. Gladstone Andrei Cimpian Which role models are effective for which students? A systematic review and four recommendations for maximizing the effectiveness of role models in STEM
description	Abstract Is exposing students to role models an effective tool for diversifying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)? So far, the evidence for this claim is mixed. Here, we set out to identify systematic sources of variability in STEM role models’ effects on student motivation: If we determine which role models are effective for which students, we will be in a better position to maximize role models’ impact as a tool for diversifying STEM. A systematic narrative review of the literature (55 articles) investigated the effects of role models on students’ STEM motivation as a function of several key features of the role models (their perceived competence, their perceived similarity to students, and the perceived attainability of their success) and the students (their gender, race/ethnicity, age, and identification with STEM). We conclude with four concrete recommendations for ensuring that STEM role models are motivating for students of all backgrounds and demographics—an important step toward diversifying STEM.
format	article
author	Jessica R. Gladstone Andrei Cimpian
author_facet	Jessica R. Gladstone Andrei Cimpian
author_sort	Jessica R. Gladstone
title	Which role models are effective for which students? A systematic review and four recommendations for maximizing the effectiveness of role models in STEM
title_short	Which role models are effective for which students? A systematic review and four recommendations for maximizing the effectiveness of role models in STEM
title_full	Which role models are effective for which students? A systematic review and four recommendations for maximizing the effectiveness of role models in STEM
title_fullStr	Which role models are effective for which students? A systematic review and four recommendations for maximizing the effectiveness of role models in STEM
title_full_unstemmed	Which role models are effective for which students? A systematic review and four recommendations for maximizing the effectiveness of role models in STEM
title_sort	which role models are effective for which students? a systematic review and four recommendations for maximizing the effectiveness of role models in stem
publisher	SpringerOpen
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2a024afdd9ea44949e4c6b3fd85ea0d8
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Which role models are effective for which students? A systematic review and four recommendations for maximizing the effectiveness of role models in STEM

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