Genotypic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency protects against Plasmodium falciparum infection in individuals living in Ghana.

<h4>Introduction</h4>The global effort to eradicate malaria requires a drastic measure to terminate relapse from hypnozoites as well as transmission via gametocytes in malaria-endemic areas. Primaquine has been recommended for the treatment of P. falciparum gametocytes and P. vivax hypno...

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Autores principales:	Linda Eva Amoah, Kwame Kumi Asare, Donu Dickson, Joana Abankwa, Abena Busayo, Dorcas Bredu, Sherifa Annan, George Adu Asumah, Nana Yaw Peprah, Alexander Asamoah, Keziah Laurencia Malm
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2a2704f4ee454cfdac272ff3f5d577b8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2a2704f4ee454cfdac272ff3f5d577b82021-12-02T20:14:07ZGenotypic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency protects against Plasmodium falciparum infection in individuals living in Ghana.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0257562https://doaj.org/article/2a2704f4ee454cfdac272ff3f5d577b82021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257562https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Introduction</h4>The global effort to eradicate malaria requires a drastic measure to terminate relapse from hypnozoites as well as transmission via gametocytes in malaria-endemic areas. Primaquine has been recommended for the treatment of P. falciparum gametocytes and P. vivax hypnozoites, however, its implementation is challenged by the high prevalence of G6PD deficient (G6PDd) genotypes in malaria endemic countries. The objective of this study was to profile G6PDd genotypic variants and correlate them with malaria prevalence in Ghana.<h4>Methods</h4>A cross-sectional survey of G6PDd genotypic variants was conducted amongst suspected malaria patients attending health care facilities across the entire country. Malaria was diagnosed using microscopy whilst G6PD deficiency was determined using restriction fragment length polymorphisms at position 376 and 202 of the G6PD gene. The results were analysed using GraphPad prism.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 6108 subjects were enrolled in the study with females representing 65.59% of the population. The overall prevalence of malaria was 36.31%, with malaria prevalence among G6PDd genotypic variants were 0.07% for A-A- homozygous deficient females, 1.31% and 3.03% for AA- and BA- heterozygous deficient females respectively and 2.03% for A- hemizygous deficient males. The odd ratio (OR) for detecting P. falciparum malaria infection in the A-A- genotypic variant was 0.0784 (95% CI: 0.0265-0.2319, p<0.0001). Also, P. malariae and P. ovale parasites frequently were observed in G6PD B variants relative to G6PD A- variants.<h4>Conclusion</h4>G6PDd genotypic variants, A-A-, AA- and A- protect against P. falciparum, P. ovale and P. malariae infection in Ghana.Linda Eva AmoahKwame Kumi AsareDonu DicksonJoana AbankwaAbena BusayoDorcas BreduSherifa AnnanGeorge Adu AsumahNana Yaw PeprahAlexander AsamoahKeziah Laurencia MalmPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0257562 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Linda Eva Amoah Kwame Kumi Asare Donu Dickson Joana Abankwa Abena Busayo Dorcas Bredu Sherifa Annan George Adu Asumah Nana Yaw Peprah Alexander Asamoah Keziah Laurencia Malm Genotypic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency protects against Plasmodium falciparum infection in individuals living in Ghana.
description	<h4>Introduction</h4>The global effort to eradicate malaria requires a drastic measure to terminate relapse from hypnozoites as well as transmission via gametocytes in malaria-endemic areas. Primaquine has been recommended for the treatment of P. falciparum gametocytes and P. vivax hypnozoites, however, its implementation is challenged by the high prevalence of G6PD deficient (G6PDd) genotypes in malaria endemic countries. The objective of this study was to profile G6PDd genotypic variants and correlate them with malaria prevalence in Ghana.<h4>Methods</h4>A cross-sectional survey of G6PDd genotypic variants was conducted amongst suspected malaria patients attending health care facilities across the entire country. Malaria was diagnosed using microscopy whilst G6PD deficiency was determined using restriction fragment length polymorphisms at position 376 and 202 of the G6PD gene. The results were analysed using GraphPad prism.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 6108 subjects were enrolled in the study with females representing 65.59% of the population. The overall prevalence of malaria was 36.31%, with malaria prevalence among G6PDd genotypic variants were 0.07% for A-A- homozygous deficient females, 1.31% and 3.03% for AA- and BA- heterozygous deficient females respectively and 2.03% for A- hemizygous deficient males. The odd ratio (OR) for detecting P. falciparum malaria infection in the A-A- genotypic variant was 0.0784 (95% CI: 0.0265-0.2319, p<0.0001). Also, P. malariae and P. ovale parasites frequently were observed in G6PD B variants relative to G6PD A- variants.<h4>Conclusion</h4>G6PDd genotypic variants, A-A-, AA- and A- protect against P. falciparum, P. ovale and P. malariae infection in Ghana.
format	article
author	Linda Eva Amoah Kwame Kumi Asare Donu Dickson Joana Abankwa Abena Busayo Dorcas Bredu Sherifa Annan George Adu Asumah Nana Yaw Peprah Alexander Asamoah Keziah Laurencia Malm
author_facet	Linda Eva Amoah Kwame Kumi Asare Donu Dickson Joana Abankwa Abena Busayo Dorcas Bredu Sherifa Annan George Adu Asumah Nana Yaw Peprah Alexander Asamoah Keziah Laurencia Malm
author_sort	Linda Eva Amoah
title	Genotypic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency protects against Plasmodium falciparum infection in individuals living in Ghana.
title_short	Genotypic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency protects against Plasmodium falciparum infection in individuals living in Ghana.
title_full	Genotypic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency protects against Plasmodium falciparum infection in individuals living in Ghana.
title_fullStr	Genotypic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency protects against Plasmodium falciparum infection in individuals living in Ghana.
title_full_unstemmed	Genotypic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency protects against Plasmodium falciparum infection in individuals living in Ghana.
title_sort	genotypic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) deficiency protects against plasmodium falciparum infection in individuals living in ghana.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2a2704f4ee454cfdac272ff3f5d577b8
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Genotypic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency protects against Plasmodium falciparum infection in individuals living in Ghana.

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