Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease

Abstract Tolerance to Dutch elm disease (DED) has been linked to the rapid and/or high induction of disease-responsive genes after infection with the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. Although the fungal infection by O. novo-ulmi primarily takes places in xylem vessels, it is still unclear how xylem cont...

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Autores principales:	S. M. Sherif, L. A. Erland, M. R. Shukla, P. K Saxena
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2a3a908b4b7b4f1c82579b5031e33f5c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2a3a908b4b7b4f1c82579b5031e33f5c2021-12-02T12:32:43ZBark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease10.1038/s41598-017-07779-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2a3a908b4b7b4f1c82579b5031e33f5c2017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07779-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Tolerance to Dutch elm disease (DED) has been linked to the rapid and/or high induction of disease-responsive genes after infection with the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. Although the fungal infection by O. novo-ulmi primarily takes places in xylem vessels, it is still unclear how xylem contributes to the defense against DED. Taking advantage of the easy separation of wood and bark tissues in young American elm saplings, here we show that most disease-responsive genes exhibited higher expression in wood compared to bark tissues after fungal infection. On the other hand, the stress-related phytohormones were generally more abundant in the bark compared to wood tissues. However, only endogenous levels of jasmonates (JAs), but not salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) increased in the inoculated tissues. This, along with the upregulation of JA-biosynthesis genes in inoculated bark and core tissues further suggest that phloem and xylem might contribute to the de novo biosynthesis of JA after fungal infection. The comparison between two tolerant elm varieties, ‘Valley Forge’ and ‘Princeton,’ also indicated that tolerance against DED might be mediated by different mechanisms in the xylem. The present study sheds some light on the amplitude and kinetics of defense responses produced in the xylem and phloem in response to DED.S. M. SherifL. A. ErlandM. R. ShuklaP. K SaxenaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q S. M. Sherif L. A. Erland M. R. Shukla P. K Saxena Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease
description	Abstract Tolerance to Dutch elm disease (DED) has been linked to the rapid and/or high induction of disease-responsive genes after infection with the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. Although the fungal infection by O. novo-ulmi primarily takes places in xylem vessels, it is still unclear how xylem contributes to the defense against DED. Taking advantage of the easy separation of wood and bark tissues in young American elm saplings, here we show that most disease-responsive genes exhibited higher expression in wood compared to bark tissues after fungal infection. On the other hand, the stress-related phytohormones were generally more abundant in the bark compared to wood tissues. However, only endogenous levels of jasmonates (JAs), but not salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) increased in the inoculated tissues. This, along with the upregulation of JA-biosynthesis genes in inoculated bark and core tissues further suggest that phloem and xylem might contribute to the de novo biosynthesis of JA after fungal infection. The comparison between two tolerant elm varieties, ‘Valley Forge’ and ‘Princeton,’ also indicated that tolerance against DED might be mediated by different mechanisms in the xylem. The present study sheds some light on the amplitude and kinetics of defense responses produced in the xylem and phloem in response to DED.
format	article
author	S. M. Sherif L. A. Erland M. R. Shukla P. K Saxena
author_facet	S. M. Sherif L. A. Erland M. R. Shukla P. K Saxena
author_sort	S. M. Sherif
title	Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease
title_short	Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease
title_full	Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease
title_fullStr	Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease
title_full_unstemmed	Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease
title_sort	bark and wood tissues of american elm exhibit distinct responses to dutch elm disease
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/2a3a908b4b7b4f1c82579b5031e33f5c
work_keys_str_mv	AT smsherif barkandwoodtissuesofamericanelmexhibitdistinctresponsestodutchelmdisease AT laerland barkandwoodtissuesofamericanelmexhibitdistinctresponsestodutchelmdisease AT mrshukla barkandwoodtissuesofamericanelmexhibitdistinctresponsestodutchelmdisease AT pksaxena barkandwoodtissuesofamericanelmexhibitdistinctresponsestodutchelmdisease
_version_	1718393968082812928

Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease

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