Respiratory health before and after the opening of a road traffic tunnel: a planned evaluation.

<h4>Objective</h4>The construction of a new road tunnel in Sydney, Australia, and concomitant reduction in traffic on a major road presented the opportunity to study the effects of this traffic intervention on respiratory health.<h4>Methods</h4>We made measurements in a cohor...

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Autores principales:	Christine T Cowie, Nectarios Rose, Wafaa Ezz, Wei Xuan, Adriana Cortes-Waterman, Elena Belousova, Brett G Toelle, Vicky Sheppeard, Guy B Marks
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2a5a9e24311744bb9cce9bacf32a66bc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2a5a9e24311744bb9cce9bacf32a66bc2021-11-18T08:07:10ZRespiratory health before and after the opening of a road traffic tunnel: a planned evaluation.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0048921https://doaj.org/article/2a5a9e24311744bb9cce9bacf32a66bc2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23209560/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Objective</h4>The construction of a new road tunnel in Sydney, Australia, and concomitant reduction in traffic on a major road presented the opportunity to study the effects of this traffic intervention on respiratory health.<h4>Methods</h4>We made measurements in a cohort of residents in the year before the tunnel opened (2006) and in each of two years afterwards (2007-2008). Cohort members resided in one of four exposure zones, including a control zone. Each year, a respiratory questionnaire was administered (n = 2,978) and a panel sub-cohort (n = 380) performed spirometry once and recorded peak expiratory flow and symptoms twice daily for nine weeks.<h4>Results</h4>There was no consistent evidence of improvement in respiratory health in residents living along the bypassed main road, despite a reduction in traffic from 90,000 to 45,000 vpd. Residents living near tunnel feeder roads reported more upper respiratory symptoms in the survey but not in the panel sub-cohort. Residents living around the tunnel ventilation stack reported more upper and lower respiratory symptoms and had lower spirometric volumes after the tunnel opened. Air pollutant levels measured near the stack did not increase over the study period.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The finding of adverse health effects among residents living around the stack is unexpected and difficult to explain, but might be due to unmeasured pollutants or risk factors or an unrecognized pollutant source nearby. The lack of improvement in respiratory health among people living along the bypassed main road probably reflects a minimal change in exposure due to distance of residence from the road.Christine T CowieNectarios RoseWafaa EzzWei XuanAdriana Cortes-WatermanElena BelousovaBrett G ToelleVicky SheppeardGuy B MarksPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e48921 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Christine T Cowie Nectarios Rose Wafaa Ezz Wei Xuan Adriana Cortes-Waterman Elena Belousova Brett G Toelle Vicky Sheppeard Guy B Marks Respiratory health before and after the opening of a road traffic tunnel: a planned evaluation.
description	<h4>Objective</h4>The construction of a new road tunnel in Sydney, Australia, and concomitant reduction in traffic on a major road presented the opportunity to study the effects of this traffic intervention on respiratory health.<h4>Methods</h4>We made measurements in a cohort of residents in the year before the tunnel opened (2006) and in each of two years afterwards (2007-2008). Cohort members resided in one of four exposure zones, including a control zone. Each year, a respiratory questionnaire was administered (n = 2,978) and a panel sub-cohort (n = 380) performed spirometry once and recorded peak expiratory flow and symptoms twice daily for nine weeks.<h4>Results</h4>There was no consistent evidence of improvement in respiratory health in residents living along the bypassed main road, despite a reduction in traffic from 90,000 to 45,000 vpd. Residents living near tunnel feeder roads reported more upper respiratory symptoms in the survey but not in the panel sub-cohort. Residents living around the tunnel ventilation stack reported more upper and lower respiratory symptoms and had lower spirometric volumes after the tunnel opened. Air pollutant levels measured near the stack did not increase over the study period.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The finding of adverse health effects among residents living around the stack is unexpected and difficult to explain, but might be due to unmeasured pollutants or risk factors or an unrecognized pollutant source nearby. The lack of improvement in respiratory health among people living along the bypassed main road probably reflects a minimal change in exposure due to distance of residence from the road.
format	article
author	Christine T Cowie Nectarios Rose Wafaa Ezz Wei Xuan Adriana Cortes-Waterman Elena Belousova Brett G Toelle Vicky Sheppeard Guy B Marks
author_facet	Christine T Cowie Nectarios Rose Wafaa Ezz Wei Xuan Adriana Cortes-Waterman Elena Belousova Brett G Toelle Vicky Sheppeard Guy B Marks
author_sort	Christine T Cowie
title	Respiratory health before and after the opening of a road traffic tunnel: a planned evaluation.
title_short	Respiratory health before and after the opening of a road traffic tunnel: a planned evaluation.
title_full	Respiratory health before and after the opening of a road traffic tunnel: a planned evaluation.
title_fullStr	Respiratory health before and after the opening of a road traffic tunnel: a planned evaluation.
title_full_unstemmed	Respiratory health before and after the opening of a road traffic tunnel: a planned evaluation.
title_sort	respiratory health before and after the opening of a road traffic tunnel: a planned evaluation.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/2a5a9e24311744bb9cce9bacf32a66bc
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Respiratory health before and after the opening of a road traffic tunnel: a planned evaluation.

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