Genome-wide identification of genes essential for the survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae in human saliva.

Since Streptococcus pneumoniae transmits through droplet spread, this respiratory tract pathogen may be able to survive in saliva. Here, we show that saliva supports survival of clinically relevant S. pneumoniae strains for more than 24 h in a capsule-independent manner. Moreover, saliva induced gro...

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Autores principales:	Lilly M Verhagen, Marien I de Jonge, Peter Burghout, Kiki Schraa, Lorenza Spagnuolo, Svenja Mennens, Marc J Eleveld, Christa E van der Gaast-de Jongh, Aldert Zomer, Peter W M Hermans, Hester J Bootsma
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2a7ebedccf5949a5bcecd786ba8f325e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2a7ebedccf5949a5bcecd786ba8f325e2021-11-18T08:31:08ZGenome-wide identification of genes essential for the survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae in human saliva.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0089541https://doaj.org/article/2a7ebedccf5949a5bcecd786ba8f325e2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24586856/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Since Streptococcus pneumoniae transmits through droplet spread, this respiratory tract pathogen may be able to survive in saliva. Here, we show that saliva supports survival of clinically relevant S. pneumoniae strains for more than 24 h in a capsule-independent manner. Moreover, saliva induced growth of S. pneumoniae in growth-permissive conditions, suggesting that S. pneumoniae is well adapted for uptake of nutrients from this bodily fluid. By using Tn-seq, a method for genome-wide negative selection screening, we identified 147 genes potentially required for growth and survival of S. pneumoniae in saliva, among which genes predicted to be involved in cell envelope biosynthesis, cell transport, amino acid metabolism, and stress response predominated. The Tn-seq findings were validated by testing a panel of directed gene deletion mutants for their ability to survive in saliva under two testing conditions: at room temperature without CO2, representing transmission, and at 37 °C with CO2, representing in-host carriage. These validation experiments confirmed that the plsX gene and the amiACDEF and aroDEBC operons, involved in respectively fatty acid metabolism, oligopeptide transport, and biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids play an important role in the growth and survival of S. pneumoniae in saliva at 37 °C. In conclusion, this study shows that S. pneumoniae is well-adapted for growth and survival in human saliva and provides a genome-wide list of genes potentially involved in adaptation. This notion supports earlier evidence that S. pneumoniae can use human saliva as a vector for transmission.Lilly M VerhagenMarien I de JongePeter BurghoutKiki SchraaLorenza SpagnuoloSvenja MennensMarc J EleveldChrista E van der Gaast-de JonghAldert ZomerPeter W M HermansHester J BootsmaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 2, p e89541 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Lilly M Verhagen Marien I de Jonge Peter Burghout Kiki Schraa Lorenza Spagnuolo Svenja Mennens Marc J Eleveld Christa E van der Gaast-de Jongh Aldert Zomer Peter W M Hermans Hester J Bootsma Genome-wide identification of genes essential for the survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae in human saliva.
description	Since Streptococcus pneumoniae transmits through droplet spread, this respiratory tract pathogen may be able to survive in saliva. Here, we show that saliva supports survival of clinically relevant S. pneumoniae strains for more than 24 h in a capsule-independent manner. Moreover, saliva induced growth of S. pneumoniae in growth-permissive conditions, suggesting that S. pneumoniae is well adapted for uptake of nutrients from this bodily fluid. By using Tn-seq, a method for genome-wide negative selection screening, we identified 147 genes potentially required for growth and survival of S. pneumoniae in saliva, among which genes predicted to be involved in cell envelope biosynthesis, cell transport, amino acid metabolism, and stress response predominated. The Tn-seq findings were validated by testing a panel of directed gene deletion mutants for their ability to survive in saliva under two testing conditions: at room temperature without CO2, representing transmission, and at 37 °C with CO2, representing in-host carriage. These validation experiments confirmed that the plsX gene and the amiACDEF and aroDEBC operons, involved in respectively fatty acid metabolism, oligopeptide transport, and biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids play an important role in the growth and survival of S. pneumoniae in saliva at 37 °C. In conclusion, this study shows that S. pneumoniae is well-adapted for growth and survival in human saliva and provides a genome-wide list of genes potentially involved in adaptation. This notion supports earlier evidence that S. pneumoniae can use human saliva as a vector for transmission.
format	article
author	Lilly M Verhagen Marien I de Jonge Peter Burghout Kiki Schraa Lorenza Spagnuolo Svenja Mennens Marc J Eleveld Christa E van der Gaast-de Jongh Aldert Zomer Peter W M Hermans Hester J Bootsma
author_facet	Lilly M Verhagen Marien I de Jonge Peter Burghout Kiki Schraa Lorenza Spagnuolo Svenja Mennens Marc J Eleveld Christa E van der Gaast-de Jongh Aldert Zomer Peter W M Hermans Hester J Bootsma
author_sort	Lilly M Verhagen
title	Genome-wide identification of genes essential for the survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae in human saliva.
title_short	Genome-wide identification of genes essential for the survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae in human saliva.
title_full	Genome-wide identification of genes essential for the survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae in human saliva.
title_fullStr	Genome-wide identification of genes essential for the survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae in human saliva.
title_full_unstemmed	Genome-wide identification of genes essential for the survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae in human saliva.
title_sort	genome-wide identification of genes essential for the survival of streptococcus pneumoniae in human saliva.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/2a7ebedccf5949a5bcecd786ba8f325e
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Genome-wide identification of genes essential for the survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae in human saliva.

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