Role of the cation-chloride-cotransporters in the circadian system

The circadian system plays an immense role in controlling physiological processes in our body. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) supervises this system, regulating and harmonising the circadian rhythms in our body. Most neurons present in the SCN are GABAergic neurons. Although GABA is considered th...

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Autores principales:	Shihan Salihu, Nur Farah Meor Azlan, Sunday Solomon Josiah, Zhijuan Wu, Yun Wang, Jinwei Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	GABAergic Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) K+-2Cl− cotransporter 2 (KCC2) WNK3-SPAK/OSR1, Chloride (Cl−) homoostasis; Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) Circadian rhythms Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2a8c45f64d1348438f6ddfaa594b5dfb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2a8c45f64d1348438f6ddfaa594b5dfb2021-11-20T04:57:36ZRole of the cation-chloride-cotransporters in the circadian system1818-087610.1016/j.ajps.2020.10.003https://doaj.org/article/2a8c45f64d1348438f6ddfaa594b5dfb2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1818087620314598https://doaj.org/toc/1818-0876The circadian system plays an immense role in controlling physiological processes in our body. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) supervises this system, regulating and harmonising the circadian rhythms in our body. Most neurons present in the SCN are GABAergic neurons. Although GABA is considered the main inhibitory neurotransmitter of the CNS, recent studies have shown that excitatory responses were recorded in this area. These responses are enabled by an increase in intracellular chloride ions [Cl−]i levels. The chloride (Cl−) levels in GABAergic neurons are controlled by two solute carrier 12 (SLC12) cation-chloride-cotransporters (CCCs): Na+/K+/Cl− co-transporter (NKCC1) and K+/Cl− co-transporter (KCC2), that respectively cause an influx and efflux of Cl−. Recent works have found altered expression and/or activity of either of these co-transporters in SCN neurons and have been associated with circadian rhythms. In this review, we summarize and discuss the role of CCCs in circadian rhythms, and highlight these recent advances which attest to CCC's growing potential as strong research and therapeutic targets.Shihan SalihuNur Farah Meor AzlanSunday Solomon JosiahZhijuan WuYun WangJinwei ZhangElsevierarticleGABAergicNa+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter 1 (NKCC1)K+-2Cl− cotransporter 2 (KCC2)WNK3-SPAK/OSR1, Chloride (Cl−) homoostasis;Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)Circadian rhythmsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAsian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol 16, Iss 5, Pp 589-597 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	GABAergic Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) K+-2Cl− cotransporter 2 (KCC2) WNK3-SPAK/OSR1, Chloride (Cl−) homoostasis; Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) Circadian rhythms Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	GABAergic Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) K+-2Cl− cotransporter 2 (KCC2) WNK3-SPAK/OSR1, Chloride (Cl−) homoostasis; Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) Circadian rhythms Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Shihan Salihu Nur Farah Meor Azlan Sunday Solomon Josiah Zhijuan Wu Yun Wang Jinwei Zhang Role of the cation-chloride-cotransporters in the circadian system
description	The circadian system plays an immense role in controlling physiological processes in our body. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) supervises this system, regulating and harmonising the circadian rhythms in our body. Most neurons present in the SCN are GABAergic neurons. Although GABA is considered the main inhibitory neurotransmitter of the CNS, recent studies have shown that excitatory responses were recorded in this area. These responses are enabled by an increase in intracellular chloride ions [Cl−]i levels. The chloride (Cl−) levels in GABAergic neurons are controlled by two solute carrier 12 (SLC12) cation-chloride-cotransporters (CCCs): Na+/K+/Cl− co-transporter (NKCC1) and K+/Cl− co-transporter (KCC2), that respectively cause an influx and efflux of Cl−. Recent works have found altered expression and/or activity of either of these co-transporters in SCN neurons and have been associated with circadian rhythms. In this review, we summarize and discuss the role of CCCs in circadian rhythms, and highlight these recent advances which attest to CCC's growing potential as strong research and therapeutic targets.
format	article
author	Shihan Salihu Nur Farah Meor Azlan Sunday Solomon Josiah Zhijuan Wu Yun Wang Jinwei Zhang
author_facet	Shihan Salihu Nur Farah Meor Azlan Sunday Solomon Josiah Zhijuan Wu Yun Wang Jinwei Zhang
author_sort	Shihan Salihu
title	Role of the cation-chloride-cotransporters in the circadian system
title_short	Role of the cation-chloride-cotransporters in the circadian system
title_full	Role of the cation-chloride-cotransporters in the circadian system
title_fullStr	Role of the cation-chloride-cotransporters in the circadian system
title_full_unstemmed	Role of the cation-chloride-cotransporters in the circadian system
title_sort	role of the cation-chloride-cotransporters in the circadian system
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2a8c45f64d1348438f6ddfaa594b5dfb
work_keys_str_mv	AT shihansalihu roleofthecationchloridecotransportersinthecircadiansystem AT nurfarahmeorazlan roleofthecationchloridecotransportersinthecircadiansystem AT sundaysolomonjosiah roleofthecationchloridecotransportersinthecircadiansystem AT zhijuanwu roleofthecationchloridecotransportersinthecircadiansystem AT yunwang roleofthecationchloridecotransportersinthecircadiansystem AT jinweizhang roleofthecationchloridecotransportersinthecircadiansystem
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Role of the cation-chloride-cotransporters in the circadian system

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