Milk Exosome-Derived MicroRNA-2478 Suppresses Melanogenesis through the Akt-GSK3β Pathway

Exosomes participate in intercellular communication by transferring molecules from donor to recipient cells. Exosomes are found in various body fluids, including blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and milk. Milk exosomes contain many endogenous microRNA molecules. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs a...

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Autores principales:	In-Seon Bae, Sang Hoon Kim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	melanogenesis milk exosome miR-2478 Rap1a Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2a9990cdcee745db96ad103716df2e9e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2a9990cdcee745db96ad103716df2e9e2021-11-25T17:07:54ZMilk Exosome-Derived MicroRNA-2478 Suppresses Melanogenesis through the Akt-GSK3β Pathway10.3390/cells101128482073-4409https://doaj.org/article/2a9990cdcee745db96ad103716df2e9e2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/2848https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4409Exosomes participate in intercellular communication by transferring molecules from donor to recipient cells. Exosomes are found in various body fluids, including blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and milk. Milk exosomes contain many endogenous microRNA molecules. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs and have important roles in biological processes. The specific biological functions of milk exosomes are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of milk exosomes on melanin production in melanoma cells and melanocytes. We found that milk exosomes decreased melanin contents, tyrosinase activity and the expression of melanogenesis-related genes in melanoma cells and melanocytes. Bovine-specific miR-2478 in exosomes inhibited melanin production. We found that Rap1a is a direct target gene of miR-2478 in melanoma cells and melanocytes. MiR-2478 overexpression decreased Rap1a expression, which led to downregulated melanin production and expression of melanogenesis-related genes. Inhibition of Rap1a expression decreased melanogenesis through the Akt-GSK3β signal pathway. These results support the role of miR-2478 derived from milk exosomes as a regulator of melanogenesis through direct targeting of Rap1a. These results show that milk exosomes could be useful cosmeceutical ingredients to improve whitening.In-Seon BaeSang Hoon KimMDPI AGarticlemelanogenesismilk exosomemiR-2478Rap1aBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENCells, Vol 10, Iss 2848, p 2848 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	melanogenesis milk exosome miR-2478 Rap1a Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	melanogenesis milk exosome miR-2478 Rap1a Biology (General) QH301-705.5 In-Seon Bae Sang Hoon Kim Milk Exosome-Derived MicroRNA-2478 Suppresses Melanogenesis through the Akt-GSK3β Pathway
description	Exosomes participate in intercellular communication by transferring molecules from donor to recipient cells. Exosomes are found in various body fluids, including blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and milk. Milk exosomes contain many endogenous microRNA molecules. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs and have important roles in biological processes. The specific biological functions of milk exosomes are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of milk exosomes on melanin production in melanoma cells and melanocytes. We found that milk exosomes decreased melanin contents, tyrosinase activity and the expression of melanogenesis-related genes in melanoma cells and melanocytes. Bovine-specific miR-2478 in exosomes inhibited melanin production. We found that Rap1a is a direct target gene of miR-2478 in melanoma cells and melanocytes. MiR-2478 overexpression decreased Rap1a expression, which led to downregulated melanin production and expression of melanogenesis-related genes. Inhibition of Rap1a expression decreased melanogenesis through the Akt-GSK3β signal pathway. These results support the role of miR-2478 derived from milk exosomes as a regulator of melanogenesis through direct targeting of Rap1a. These results show that milk exosomes could be useful cosmeceutical ingredients to improve whitening.
format	article
author	In-Seon Bae Sang Hoon Kim
author_facet	In-Seon Bae Sang Hoon Kim
author_sort	In-Seon Bae
title	Milk Exosome-Derived MicroRNA-2478 Suppresses Melanogenesis through the Akt-GSK3β Pathway
title_short	Milk Exosome-Derived MicroRNA-2478 Suppresses Melanogenesis through the Akt-GSK3β Pathway
title_full	Milk Exosome-Derived MicroRNA-2478 Suppresses Melanogenesis through the Akt-GSK3β Pathway
title_fullStr	Milk Exosome-Derived MicroRNA-2478 Suppresses Melanogenesis through the Akt-GSK3β Pathway
title_full_unstemmed	Milk Exosome-Derived MicroRNA-2478 Suppresses Melanogenesis through the Akt-GSK3β Pathway
title_sort	milk exosome-derived microrna-2478 suppresses melanogenesis through the akt-gsk3β pathway
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2a9990cdcee745db96ad103716df2e9e
work_keys_str_mv	AT inseonbae milkexosomederivedmicrorna2478suppressesmelanogenesisthroughtheaktgsk3bpathway AT sanghoonkim milkexosomederivedmicrorna2478suppressesmelanogenesisthroughtheaktgsk3bpathway
_version_	1718412703704285184

Milk Exosome-Derived MicroRNA-2478 Suppresses Melanogenesis through the Akt-GSK3β Pathway

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