Development of Various Leishmania (Sauroleishmania) tarentolae Strains in Three Phlebotomus Species

Leishmania (Sauroleishmania) tarentolae is transmitted by reptile-biting sand flies of the genus Sergentomyia, but the role of Phlebotomus sand flies in circulation of this parasite is unknown. Here, we co...

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Autores principales:	Lucie Ticha, Barbora Kykalova, Jovana Sadlova, Marina Gramiccia, Luigi Gradoni, Petr Volf
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Sauroleishmania</i> <i>Leishmania tarentolae</i> sand flies <i>Phlebotomus</i> experimental infections Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2a9d3af4ca194f72b04df896751290dd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2a9d3af4ca194f72b04df896751290dd2021-11-25T18:24:38ZDevelopment of Various <i>Leishmania</i> (<i>Sauroleishmania</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> Strains in Three <i>Phlebotomus</i> Species10.3390/microorganisms91122562076-2607https://doaj.org/article/2a9d3af4ca194f72b04df896751290dd2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2256https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607<i>Leishmania</i> (<i>Sauroleishmania</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> is transmitted by reptile-biting sand flies of the genus <i>Sergentomyia</i>, but the role of <i>Phlebotomus</i> sand flies in circulation of this parasite is unknown. Here, we compared the development of <i>L.</i> (<i>S.</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> strains in three <i>Phlebotomus</i> species: <i>P. papatasi</i>, <i>P.</i> <i>sergenti</i>, and <i>P. perniciosus</i>. Laboratory-bred sand flies were membrane-fed on blood with parasite suspension and dissected on days 1 and 7 post blood meal. Parasites were measured on Giemsa-stained gut smears and five morphological forms were distinguished. In all parasite-vector combinations, promastigotes were found in Malpighian tubules, often in high numbers, which suggests that this tissue is a typical location for <i>L.</i> (<i>S</i>.) <i>tarentolae</i> development in sand flies. All three studied strains colonized the hindgut, but also migrated anteriorly to both parts of the midgut and colonized the stomodeal valve. Significant differences were demonstrated between sand fly species: highest infection rates, high parasite loads, and the most frequent anterior migration with colonization of the stomodeal valve were found in <i>P. perniciosus</i>, while all these parameters were lowest in <i>P. sergenti</i>. In conclusion, the peripylarian type of development was demonstrated for three <i>L</i>. (<i>S</i>.) <i>tarentolae</i> strains in three <i>Phlebotomus</i> sand flies. We suggest paying more attention to <i>Phlebotomus</i> species, particularly <i>P. perniciosus</i> and <i>P. papatasi</i>, as potential secondary vectors of <i>Sauroleishmania</i>.Lucie TichaBarbora KykalovaJovana SadlovaMarina GramicciaLuigi GradoniPetr VolfMDPI AGarticle<i>Sauroleishmania</i><i>Leishmania tarentolae</i>sand flies<i>Phlebotomus</i>experimental infectionsBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2256, p 2256 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Sauroleishmania</i> <i>Leishmania tarentolae</i> sand flies <i>Phlebotomus</i> experimental infections Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	<i>Sauroleishmania</i> <i>Leishmania tarentolae</i> sand flies <i>Phlebotomus</i> experimental infections Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Lucie Ticha Barbora Kykalova Jovana Sadlova Marina Gramiccia Luigi Gradoni Petr Volf Development of Various <i>Leishmania</i> (<i>Sauroleishmania</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> Strains in Three <i>Phlebotomus</i> Species
description	<i>Leishmania</i> (<i>Sauroleishmania</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> is transmitted by reptile-biting sand flies of the genus <i>Sergentomyia</i>, but the role of <i>Phlebotomus</i> sand flies in circulation of this parasite is unknown. Here, we compared the development of <i>L.</i> (<i>S.</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> strains in three <i>Phlebotomus</i> species: <i>P. papatasi</i>, <i>P.</i> <i>sergenti</i>, and <i>P. perniciosus</i>. Laboratory-bred sand flies were membrane-fed on blood with parasite suspension and dissected on days 1 and 7 post blood meal. Parasites were measured on Giemsa-stained gut smears and five morphological forms were distinguished. In all parasite-vector combinations, promastigotes were found in Malpighian tubules, often in high numbers, which suggests that this tissue is a typical location for <i>L.</i> (<i>S</i>.) <i>tarentolae</i> development in sand flies. All three studied strains colonized the hindgut, but also migrated anteriorly to both parts of the midgut and colonized the stomodeal valve. Significant differences were demonstrated between sand fly species: highest infection rates, high parasite loads, and the most frequent anterior migration with colonization of the stomodeal valve were found in <i>P. perniciosus</i>, while all these parameters were lowest in <i>P. sergenti</i>. In conclusion, the peripylarian type of development was demonstrated for three <i>L</i>. (<i>S</i>.) <i>tarentolae</i> strains in three <i>Phlebotomus</i> sand flies. We suggest paying more attention to <i>Phlebotomus</i> species, particularly <i>P. perniciosus</i> and <i>P. papatasi</i>, as potential secondary vectors of <i>Sauroleishmania</i>.
format	article
author	Lucie Ticha Barbora Kykalova Jovana Sadlova Marina Gramiccia Luigi Gradoni Petr Volf
author_facet	Lucie Ticha Barbora Kykalova Jovana Sadlova Marina Gramiccia Luigi Gradoni Petr Volf
author_sort	Lucie Ticha
title	Development of Various <i>Leishmania</i> (<i>Sauroleishmania</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> Strains in Three <i>Phlebotomus</i> Species
title_short	Development of Various <i>Leishmania</i> (<i>Sauroleishmania</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> Strains in Three <i>Phlebotomus</i> Species
title_full	Development of Various <i>Leishmania</i> (<i>Sauroleishmania</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> Strains in Three <i>Phlebotomus</i> Species
title_fullStr	Development of Various <i>Leishmania</i> (<i>Sauroleishmania</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> Strains in Three <i>Phlebotomus</i> Species
title_full_unstemmed	Development of Various <i>Leishmania</i> (<i>Sauroleishmania</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> Strains in Three <i>Phlebotomus</i> Species
title_sort	development of various <i>leishmania</i> (<i>sauroleishmania</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> strains in three <i>phlebotomus</i> species
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2a9d3af4ca194f72b04df896751290dd
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Development of Various <i>Leishmania</i> (<i>Sauroleishmania</i>) <i>tarentolae</i> Strains in Three <i>Phlebotomus</i> Species

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