The Sense of Number in Fish, with Particular Reference to Its Neurobiological Bases

It is widely acknowledged that vertebrates can discriminate non-symbolic numerosity using an evolutionarily conserved system dubbed Approximate Number System (ANS). Two main approaches have been used to assess behaviourally numerosity in fish: spontaneous choice tests and operant training procedures...

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Autores principales:	Andrea Messina, Davide Potrich, Ilaria Schiona, Valeria Anna Sovrano, Giorgio Vallortigara
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	fish cognition numerosity cognition quantity discrimination approximate number system Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2aa2189ead9540c5b89bae31d81052cd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2aa2189ead9540c5b89bae31d81052cd2021-11-25T16:14:32ZThe Sense of Number in Fish, with Particular Reference to Its Neurobiological Bases10.3390/ani111130722076-2615https://doaj.org/article/2aa2189ead9540c5b89bae31d81052cd2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3072https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615It is widely acknowledged that vertebrates can discriminate non-symbolic numerosity using an evolutionarily conserved system dubbed Approximate Number System (ANS). Two main approaches have been used to assess behaviourally numerosity in fish: spontaneous choice tests and operant training procedures. In the first, animals spontaneously choose between sets of biologically-relevant stimuli (e.g., conspecifics, food) differing in quantities (smaller or larger). In the second, animals are trained to associate a numerosity with a reward. Although the ability of fish to discriminate numerosity has been widely documented with these methods, the molecular bases of quantities estimation and ANS are largely unknown. Recently, we combined behavioral tasks with molecular biology assays (e.g c-fos and egr1 and other early genes expression) showing that the thalamus and the caudal region of dorso-central part of the telencephalon seem to be activated upon change in numerousness in visual stimuli. In contrast, the retina and the optic tectum mainly responded to changes in continuous magnitude such as stimulus size. We here provide a review and synthesis of these findings.Andrea MessinaDavide PotrichIlaria SchionaValeria Anna SovranoGiorgio VallortigaraMDPI AGarticlefish cognitionnumerosity cognitionquantity discriminationapproximate number systemVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3072, p 3072 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	fish cognition numerosity cognition quantity discrimination approximate number system Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	fish cognition numerosity cognition quantity discrimination approximate number system Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Andrea Messina Davide Potrich Ilaria Schiona Valeria Anna Sovrano Giorgio Vallortigara The Sense of Number in Fish, with Particular Reference to Its Neurobiological Bases
description	It is widely acknowledged that vertebrates can discriminate non-symbolic numerosity using an evolutionarily conserved system dubbed Approximate Number System (ANS). Two main approaches have been used to assess behaviourally numerosity in fish: spontaneous choice tests and operant training procedures. In the first, animals spontaneously choose between sets of biologically-relevant stimuli (e.g., conspecifics, food) differing in quantities (smaller or larger). In the second, animals are trained to associate a numerosity with a reward. Although the ability of fish to discriminate numerosity has been widely documented with these methods, the molecular bases of quantities estimation and ANS are largely unknown. Recently, we combined behavioral tasks with molecular biology assays (e.g c-fos and egr1 and other early genes expression) showing that the thalamus and the caudal region of dorso-central part of the telencephalon seem to be activated upon change in numerousness in visual stimuli. In contrast, the retina and the optic tectum mainly responded to changes in continuous magnitude such as stimulus size. We here provide a review and synthesis of these findings.
format	article
author	Andrea Messina Davide Potrich Ilaria Schiona Valeria Anna Sovrano Giorgio Vallortigara
author_facet	Andrea Messina Davide Potrich Ilaria Schiona Valeria Anna Sovrano Giorgio Vallortigara
author_sort	Andrea Messina
title	The Sense of Number in Fish, with Particular Reference to Its Neurobiological Bases
title_short	The Sense of Number in Fish, with Particular Reference to Its Neurobiological Bases
title_full	The Sense of Number in Fish, with Particular Reference to Its Neurobiological Bases
title_fullStr	The Sense of Number in Fish, with Particular Reference to Its Neurobiological Bases
title_full_unstemmed	The Sense of Number in Fish, with Particular Reference to Its Neurobiological Bases
title_sort	sense of number in fish, with particular reference to its neurobiological bases
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2aa2189ead9540c5b89bae31d81052cd
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The Sense of Number in Fish, with Particular Reference to Its Neurobiological Bases

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