Regulatory role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune response against Giardia

Abstract Giardia duodenalis is one of the most commonly found intestinal parasites in mammalian hosts. Infections can generally be cleared by mounting an adequate protective immune response that is orchestrated through IL-17A. This study was aimed to investigate if and how the intestinal microbiome...

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Autores principales:	B. Maertens, A. Gagnaire, O. Paerewijck, K. De Bosscher, P. Geldhof
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2aabd245a68e45a0911560af9a242788
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2aabd245a68e45a0911560af9a2427882021-12-02T15:45:26ZRegulatory role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune response against Giardia10.1038/s41598-021-90261-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2aabd245a68e45a0911560af9a2427882021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90261-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Giardia duodenalis is one of the most commonly found intestinal parasites in mammalian hosts. Infections can generally be cleared by mounting an adequate protective immune response that is orchestrated through IL-17A. This study was aimed to investigate if and how the intestinal microbiome affects the protective Th17 response against Giardia by analysing and comparing the immune response following a G. muris and G. duodenalis infection in antibiotic treated and untreated mice. Depletion of the intestinal flora by antibiotic treatment had a severe effect on the infection dynamics of both Giardia species. Not only duration of infection was affected, but also the parasite burden increased significantly. Markers associated with a protective immune response, such as IL-17A and mannose binding lectin 2 were still significantly upregulated following infection in the antibiotic-treated mice, despite the lack of protection. On the other hand, the antibiotic treatment significantly decreased the level of IgA in the intestinal lumen by affecting its transporter and by reducing the number of IgA+ B-cells at the Peyer’s patches. Furthermore, the depletion of the gut microbiota by antibiotics also significantly lowered the intestinal motility. The combination of these factors likely results in a decreased clearance of the parasite from the intestinal tract.B. MaertensA. GagnaireO. PaerewijckK. De BosscherP. GeldhofNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q B. Maertens A. Gagnaire O. Paerewijck K. De Bosscher P. Geldhof Regulatory role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune response against Giardia
description	Abstract Giardia duodenalis is one of the most commonly found intestinal parasites in mammalian hosts. Infections can generally be cleared by mounting an adequate protective immune response that is orchestrated through IL-17A. This study was aimed to investigate if and how the intestinal microbiome affects the protective Th17 response against Giardia by analysing and comparing the immune response following a G. muris and G. duodenalis infection in antibiotic treated and untreated mice. Depletion of the intestinal flora by antibiotic treatment had a severe effect on the infection dynamics of both Giardia species. Not only duration of infection was affected, but also the parasite burden increased significantly. Markers associated with a protective immune response, such as IL-17A and mannose binding lectin 2 were still significantly upregulated following infection in the antibiotic-treated mice, despite the lack of protection. On the other hand, the antibiotic treatment significantly decreased the level of IgA in the intestinal lumen by affecting its transporter and by reducing the number of IgA+ B-cells at the Peyer’s patches. Furthermore, the depletion of the gut microbiota by antibiotics also significantly lowered the intestinal motility. The combination of these factors likely results in a decreased clearance of the parasite from the intestinal tract.
format	article
author	B. Maertens A. Gagnaire O. Paerewijck K. De Bosscher P. Geldhof
author_facet	B. Maertens A. Gagnaire O. Paerewijck K. De Bosscher P. Geldhof
author_sort	B. Maertens
title	Regulatory role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune response against Giardia
title_short	Regulatory role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune response against Giardia
title_full	Regulatory role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune response against Giardia
title_fullStr	Regulatory role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune response against Giardia
title_full_unstemmed	Regulatory role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune response against Giardia
title_sort	regulatory role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune response against giardia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2aabd245a68e45a0911560af9a242788
work_keys_str_mv	AT bmaertens regulatoryroleoftheintestinalmicrobiotaintheimmuneresponseagainstgiardia AT agagnaire regulatoryroleoftheintestinalmicrobiotaintheimmuneresponseagainstgiardia AT opaerewijck regulatoryroleoftheintestinalmicrobiotaintheimmuneresponseagainstgiardia AT kdebosscher regulatoryroleoftheintestinalmicrobiotaintheimmuneresponseagainstgiardia AT pgeldhof regulatoryroleoftheintestinalmicrobiotaintheimmuneresponseagainstgiardia
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Regulatory role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune response against Giardia

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