Interactions of the Cerrado Palms Butia paraguayensis and Syagrus petraea with Parasitic and Pollinating Insects

The two cerrado palms<em> Butia paraguayensis</em> and <em>Syagrus petraea</em> were studied with regard to parasitizing and pollinating insects that visit their reproductive organs. At the study site in Botucatu, São Paulo State, both species occurred together, while at the...

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Autores principales:	Ilse Silberbauer-Gottsberger, Sérgio Antonio Vanin, Gerhard Gottsberger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana 2013
Materias:	Anchylorhynchus, Microstrates, Hustachea, Phytotribus, Mystrops, Meliponinae, Halictinae Zoology QL1-991 Ecology QH540-549.5 Natural history (General) QH1-278.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2ad6a0469ce74b51ab61ed6bbf2567fb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2ad6a0469ce74b51ab61ed6bbf2567fb2021-12-02T13:05:52ZInteractions of the Cerrado Palms Butia paraguayensis and Syagrus petraea with Parasitic and Pollinating Insects0361-652510.13102/sociobiology.v60i3.306-316https://doaj.org/article/2ad6a0469ce74b51ab61ed6bbf2567fb2013-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://periodicos.uefs.br/ojs/index.php/sociobiology/article/view/197https://doaj.org/toc/0361-6525The two cerrado palms<em> Butia paraguayensis</em> and <em>Syagrus petraea</em> were studied with regard to parasitizing and pollinating insects that visit their reproductive organs. At the study site in Botucatu, São Paulo State, both species occurred together, while at the study site in Indianópolis, Minas Gerais state, only <em>S. petraea</em> was growing. Bees of the subfamily Meliponinae and Halictinae were the main pollinators of <em>B. paraguayensis</em> and several beetles and flies were additional pollinators. The visiting beetles divided up in more exclusive parasites, such as the weevils<em> Tripusus leiospathae</em> and <em>Petalochilus lineolatus</em>, and the Colydiidae <em>Bitoma palmarum</em>, which bored and oviposited the closed spathe and whose larvae fed on the flower buds, as well as species of the weevil<em> Microstrates</em>, which bred in staminate flowers. Differently, the curculionids <em>Anchylorhynchus bicolor</em>, <em>Parisoschoenus</em> sp., <em>Dialomia</em> sp., and species of <em>Mystrops</em> (Nitidulididae) behaved as parasites and pollinators. On the other hand, <em>S. petraea</em> shows more evident adaptations for pollination by beetles. This species has <em>Trigona spinipes</em> as prominent bee pollinator, but otherwise beetles dominated as visitors, being them either parasites, pollinators or both. Although several identical beetle genera occur on both palms, at the species level they are different, as for example <em>Anchylorhynchus camposi</em> on <em>S. petraea</em>. At the two distant study sites of <em>S. petraea</em> in Botucatu and Indianópolis, several species, especially of the parasitic insects, are identical, indicating that parasitism is a stronger bond than pollination in this species which is characterized by a generalist pollination mode.Ilse Silberbauer-GottsbergerSérgio Antonio VaninGerhard GottsbergerUniversidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaarticleAnchylorhynchus, Microstrates, Hustachea, Phytotribus, Mystrops, Meliponinae, HalictinaeZoologyQL1-991EcologyQH540-549.5Natural history (General)QH1-278.5ENSociobiology, Vol 60, Iss 3, Pp 306-316 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Anchylorhynchus, Microstrates, Hustachea, Phytotribus, Mystrops, Meliponinae, Halictinae Zoology QL1-991 Ecology QH540-549.5 Natural history (General) QH1-278.5
spellingShingle	Anchylorhynchus, Microstrates, Hustachea, Phytotribus, Mystrops, Meliponinae, Halictinae Zoology QL1-991 Ecology QH540-549.5 Natural history (General) QH1-278.5 Ilse Silberbauer-Gottsberger Sérgio Antonio Vanin Gerhard Gottsberger Interactions of the Cerrado Palms Butia paraguayensis and Syagrus petraea with Parasitic and Pollinating Insects
description	The two cerrado palms<em> Butia paraguayensis</em> and <em>Syagrus petraea</em> were studied with regard to parasitizing and pollinating insects that visit their reproductive organs. At the study site in Botucatu, São Paulo State, both species occurred together, while at the study site in Indianópolis, Minas Gerais state, only <em>S. petraea</em> was growing. Bees of the subfamily Meliponinae and Halictinae were the main pollinators of <em>B. paraguayensis</em> and several beetles and flies were additional pollinators. The visiting beetles divided up in more exclusive parasites, such as the weevils<em> Tripusus leiospathae</em> and <em>Petalochilus lineolatus</em>, and the Colydiidae <em>Bitoma palmarum</em>, which bored and oviposited the closed spathe and whose larvae fed on the flower buds, as well as species of the weevil<em> Microstrates</em>, which bred in staminate flowers. Differently, the curculionids <em>Anchylorhynchus bicolor</em>, <em>Parisoschoenus</em> sp., <em>Dialomia</em> sp., and species of <em>Mystrops</em> (Nitidulididae) behaved as parasites and pollinators. On the other hand, <em>S. petraea</em> shows more evident adaptations for pollination by beetles. This species has <em>Trigona spinipes</em> as prominent bee pollinator, but otherwise beetles dominated as visitors, being them either parasites, pollinators or both. Although several identical beetle genera occur on both palms, at the species level they are different, as for example <em>Anchylorhynchus camposi</em> on <em>S. petraea</em>. At the two distant study sites of <em>S. petraea</em> in Botucatu and Indianópolis, several species, especially of the parasitic insects, are identical, indicating that parasitism is a stronger bond than pollination in this species which is characterized by a generalist pollination mode.
format	article
author	Ilse Silberbauer-Gottsberger Sérgio Antonio Vanin Gerhard Gottsberger
author_facet	Ilse Silberbauer-Gottsberger Sérgio Antonio Vanin Gerhard Gottsberger
author_sort	Ilse Silberbauer-Gottsberger
title	Interactions of the Cerrado Palms Butia paraguayensis and Syagrus petraea with Parasitic and Pollinating Insects
title_short	Interactions of the Cerrado Palms Butia paraguayensis and Syagrus petraea with Parasitic and Pollinating Insects
title_full	Interactions of the Cerrado Palms Butia paraguayensis and Syagrus petraea with Parasitic and Pollinating Insects
title_fullStr	Interactions of the Cerrado Palms Butia paraguayensis and Syagrus petraea with Parasitic and Pollinating Insects
title_full_unstemmed	Interactions of the Cerrado Palms Butia paraguayensis and Syagrus petraea with Parasitic and Pollinating Insects
title_sort	interactions of the cerrado palms butia paraguayensis and syagrus petraea with parasitic and pollinating insects
publisher	Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/2ad6a0469ce74b51ab61ed6bbf2567fb
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Interactions of the Cerrado Palms Butia paraguayensis and Syagrus petraea with Parasitic and Pollinating Insects

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