Heart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Fitness: What We Know so Far

Hugo Celso Dutra Souza, Stella Vieira Philbois, Ana Catarine Veiga, Bruno Augusto Aguilar Department of Health Science, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilCorrespondence: Hugo Celso Dutra SouzaRibeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Laboratory...

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Autores principales:	Souza HCD, Philbois SV, Veiga AC, Aguilar BA
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	heart rate variability cardiovascular fitness Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system RC666-701
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2b271c8a1a4b4de2b5cd5460fa476113
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2b271c8a1a4b4de2b5cd5460fa4761132021-11-14T19:00:30ZHeart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Fitness: What We Know so Far1178-2048https://doaj.org/article/2b271c8a1a4b4de2b5cd5460fa4761132021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/heart-rate-variability-and-cardiovascular-fitness-what-we-know-so-far-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-VHRMhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2048Hugo Celso Dutra Souza, Stella Vieira Philbois, Ana Catarine Veiga, Bruno Augusto Aguilar Department of Health Science, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilCorrespondence: Hugo Celso Dutra SouzaRibeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Physiotherapy, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900 - Vila Monte Alegre - Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, BrazilTel +55163315-4416Fax +55163315-4413Email hugocds@fmrp.usp.brAbstract: Fluctuation analysis in intervals between heartbeats provides important indices related to autonomic modulation of heart rate variability (HRV). These indices are considered predictors of morbidity and mortality as they are frequently altered in patients with chronic degenerative diseases, especially in those with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Similarly, a reduction in HRV is common with aging. In all cases, cardiovascular fitness is often reduced to below the predicted values. In turn, increases in cardiovascular fitness through regular physical exercise, especially aerobic exercise, represent an important therapeutic tool capable of promoting positive adjustments in cardiac autonomic modulation. These adjustments are characterized by reduced sympathetic modulatory influence and/or increased vagal modulatory influence on the heart, increasing the HRV. Therefore, several methodological tools have been used to assess the degree of impairment of autonomic modulation and the therapeutic effects of physical exercise. In contrast, establishment of strict protocols in experimental design is a main challenge in establishing HRV analysis as a robust parameter for evaluating cardiovascular homeostasis. Thus, this review aimed to contribute to the understanding of autonomic modulation of HRV and its relationship with cardiovascular fitness, highlighting the advances made thus far, the applicability of analysis tools, and the confounding factors observed frequently.Keywords: heart rate variability, cardiovascular fitnessSouza HCDPhilbois SVVeiga ACAguilar BADove Medical Pressarticleheart rate variabilitycardiovascular fitnessDiseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) systemRC666-701ENVascular Health and Risk Management, Vol Volume 17, Pp 701-711 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	heart rate variability cardiovascular fitness Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system RC666-701
spellingShingle	heart rate variability cardiovascular fitness Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system RC666-701 Souza HCD Philbois SV Veiga AC Aguilar BA Heart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Fitness: What We Know so Far
description	Hugo Celso Dutra Souza, Stella Vieira Philbois, Ana Catarine Veiga, Bruno Augusto Aguilar Department of Health Science, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilCorrespondence: Hugo Celso Dutra SouzaRibeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Physiotherapy, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900 - Vila Monte Alegre - Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, BrazilTel +55163315-4416Fax +55163315-4413Email hugocds@fmrp.usp.brAbstract: Fluctuation analysis in intervals between heartbeats provides important indices related to autonomic modulation of heart rate variability (HRV). These indices are considered predictors of morbidity and mortality as they are frequently altered in patients with chronic degenerative diseases, especially in those with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Similarly, a reduction in HRV is common with aging. In all cases, cardiovascular fitness is often reduced to below the predicted values. In turn, increases in cardiovascular fitness through regular physical exercise, especially aerobic exercise, represent an important therapeutic tool capable of promoting positive adjustments in cardiac autonomic modulation. These adjustments are characterized by reduced sympathetic modulatory influence and/or increased vagal modulatory influence on the heart, increasing the HRV. Therefore, several methodological tools have been used to assess the degree of impairment of autonomic modulation and the therapeutic effects of physical exercise. In contrast, establishment of strict protocols in experimental design is a main challenge in establishing HRV analysis as a robust parameter for evaluating cardiovascular homeostasis. Thus, this review aimed to contribute to the understanding of autonomic modulation of HRV and its relationship with cardiovascular fitness, highlighting the advances made thus far, the applicability of analysis tools, and the confounding factors observed frequently.Keywords: heart rate variability, cardiovascular fitness
format	article
author	Souza HCD Philbois SV Veiga AC Aguilar BA
author_facet	Souza HCD Philbois SV Veiga AC Aguilar BA
author_sort	Souza HCD
title	Heart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Fitness: What We Know so Far
title_short	Heart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Fitness: What We Know so Far
title_full	Heart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Fitness: What We Know so Far
title_fullStr	Heart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Fitness: What We Know so Far
title_full_unstemmed	Heart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Fitness: What We Know so Far
title_sort	heart rate variability and cardiovascular fitness: what we know so far
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2b271c8a1a4b4de2b5cd5460fa476113
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Heart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Fitness: What We Know so Far

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